| 摘要: | 全球人口高齡化的影響，我國整體的社會人口大幅改變，高齡化的速度在亞洲排名世界第一，成為全球人口高齡化最嚴重的國家。為因應如此的社會變化，以往我國傳統政府部門的政策協調由上而下的治理模式，因科技進步、社會快速變遷，且人民希冀政府對於政策的回應有別於以往，公部門的政策協調也與以往的模式不同並出現了改變。本研究希望透過檢視長期照顧政策的兩協調平台會議「行政院長期照顧推動小組」、「衛生福利部長期照顧諮詢會」，試圖了解在人口高齡化的變遷中，公部門在長期照顧政策的政策合作協調及機關部門政策協調與政策統合的模式互動，期望透過本研究整理政府部門合作互動行為的相關文獻和理論，並釐清我國公部門於長期照顧政策的合作協調機制，並在未來能給予其他公部門跨機關政策協調的合作建議。
本研究嘗試以文獻分析以及深度訪談的方式進行，檢視公部門在長照政策的協調平台中，政府部門間的互動關係。並以質性研究中的三角驗證法，以參與該協調兩會的專家學者及協會代表，其觀點和看法去驗證選定訪談之公部門的說法及看法；再以政策協調與政策統合的相關理論為基礎，歸納政府部門合作過程中橫向協調與縱向統合的互動模式及程度，以深入了解政府目前的政策協調平台各政府部門的互動關係，並進一步提出政府機關部門對於未來協調的相關規劃或模式。
研究結果顯示，目前長照政策的最高決策者是行政院，而長照政策的主責機關是衛生福利部，在跨部門的政策協調中常出現非主責的相關機關抗拒主責機關的指揮；而兩協調平台會議「行政院長期照顧推動小組」偏向政令宣導的形式，「衛生福利部長期照顧諮詢會」較屬於討論性質，兩政策協調會其在政策協調能力高，但在政策統合能力上表現出不同的形式。最後探討未來長照業務以獨立機關形式出現的相關討論，對長照現況提出改善觀點，現有組織跨部會橫向協調機制強化、未來部會在政策設計規劃上應將老人議題納入政策核心規劃考量，且本研究訪談呈現意見目前反對長照現況獨立機關化，但對於未來以總體高齡化社會的議題角度去探討長照業務獨立機關化是為可行的方向。
;The impact of global population aging, In our country, overall social population has changed significantly, and the rate of aging ranks first in the world of Asia, becoming the country with the most serious population aging in the world. In order to cope with such social changes, the top-down governance model of policy coordination in our country′s traditional government departments in the past has changed due to scientific and technological progress, rapid social changes, and the people′s hope that the government′s response to policies is different from the past, and the policy coordination of the public sector is also different from the previous model and has changed. This study hopes to examine the long-term care policy with probing the two coordination platform meetings, about "Executive Yuan Long-Term Care Promotion Group" and "Ministry of Health and Welfare Long-Term Care Consultation Meeting". An attempt is made to understand the policy cooperation and coordination of the relevant public departments in the long-term care policy and the interaction of the model of policy coordination and policy integration among the authorities in the change of the aging population. Through this study, we hope to compile the literature and theories related to the cooperative and interactive behaviors of government sectors, and to clarify the coordination mechanism of public sector cooperation in long-term care policy in our country. We hope that in the future, we can give suggestions to other public sectors for cooperation in cross-agency policy coordination.
This research attempts to conduct Document Analysis and In-depth Interviews to examine the interaction between government departments in the coordination platform of long-term care policies. And use the triangulation method in qualitative research to demonstrate the opinions and views of experts, scholars and associations participating in the the long-term care coordination meeting to verify the statements and opinions of the selected public departments; and then use the correlation between policy coordination and policy integration based on theory, it summarizes the interaction mode and degree of lateral concerted mechanism and vertical integration in the process of cooperation between government departments, so as to deeply understand the interaction between the government′s current policy coordination platform and various government departments. and further propose relevant plans or models to future coordination models for government agencies.
The research results show that the executive Yuan is currently the highest decision maker for long-term care policy, and the Ministry of Health and Welfare is the main responsible agency for long-term care policy. In cross-departmental policy coordination, it is often seen that the relevant agencies that are not in charge resist the command of the main responsible agency; However, the two coordination platform meetings, the "Executive Yuan Long-Term Care Promotion Group" tends to take the form of decree publicity, and the "Ministry of Health and Welfare Long-Term Care Consultation Meeting" is more of a discussion nature. The two policy coordination committees have high policy coordination ability, but policy integration ability displayed in different forms. Finally, we will probe the future long-term care governmental affairs process in the form an Independent regulatory agency, and propose ideas to improve the current situation of long-term care. Strengthen the horizontal coordination mechanism of existing organizations across ministries and committees, and In the policy design and planning of the Ministry, the issue of the elderly should be included in the core policy planning consideration in the future. The opinion presented in this research interview currently opposes the Independent regulatory agency of the status quo of long-term care, However, for the future, it is feasible to explore the Independent regulatory agency of long-term care governmental affairs process from the perspective of the overall aging society. |
