隨著微機電系統(MEMS，microelectromechanical system)和無線網路通訊技術的進步，使得無線感應網路(Wireless Sensor Network)因而誕生。為了提供更好的傳輸效能，無線感應網路的路由協定也不斷的被提出。其佈署的方式隨著規模的變大，也就必須由規則性的佈署到隨意的安置甚至是使用飛機進行空拋。 在本論文中，將提出一個以網格為基礎之路由協定，藉以解決在隨意佈署之無線感測網路中資料傳輸的問題。此路由協定具有energy-aware、scalable、robust、simplicity、data aggregation、multiple path to sink等特性，並且於第三章中討論網格邊長之選擇及以此路由方式為基礎之傳輸能量消耗之上限與下限。 我們藉由模擬來對數學推導之傳輸能量消耗之上限與下限做驗證，並且對所提出的路由演算法使用NS2進行效能分析。在我們的模擬結果中顯示，我們所提出的路由演算法對於隨意佈署之無線感測網路在資料傳輸上有相當好的效能。 The rapid progress in MEMS (Micro-electromechanical System) and wireless communication has made the WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) being achievable. Many routing protocols of WSN have been constantly proposed recently to provide better transmission performance. As the scale of WSN becomes large, in stead of regular topology, the deployment of WNS may use airplane to spread out the sensor nodes randomly over the sensor area. In this thesis, we propose a grid-based routing protocol to deal with the data transmission issue in a randomly distributed wireless sensor network. The routing protocol has some characteristics, such as energy-aware, scalable, robust, simplicity, data aggregation, and multiple-path to sink, etc. The selection of grid size, the upper and lower bound of transmission energy, and data aggregation are all considered in the proposed protocol in this thesis. The numerical results of the upper bound and the lower bound of the transmission energy are verified by simulations. And the efficiency of the proposed algorithm is examined through exhaustive simulations by using NS2. Our simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme demonstrates a quite good performance for the data transmission in randomly distributed wireless sensor network.
