現今因為全球暖化的問題，消費者越來越重視環保永續的議題，也會從生活所用而開始選擇對環境較好的產品，對於此現象，供應商選擇以回收在期限內退貨的產品將以再製造，吸引對於較注重環保議題的消費者購買，且回收瑕疵品將其再將以製造成整新品可以節省成本，例如，辦公室最常見的炭粉匣，將用完的碳粉匣回收再製造的成本比新產的炭粉匣降低60%的成本，以長久來看，將舊商品回收再利用，製造成整新品是相當有利可圖的一項製造策略。 在本篇中，我們嘗試利用一個逆物流閉環供應鏈來討論，供應商和零售商的共同合作，在研究中，我們假設供應商與零售商各一位，供應商提供兩種商品的批發價格，而零售商同時銷售兩種產品，一種是新產品，另一種是整新品，購買新商品的消費者可以享有退貨的權利，所以消費者會受到退貨價錢多寡而影響自身的購買意願，而整新品有標註再製造品時，相對於製造新產品減少了多少碳排放量，消費者會因為自身環保意識的強弱影響購買意願。此研究目的為透過供應商與零售商的整新品合約關係，共同回收舊產品再販賣整新品，不但可以增加雙方利益並且同時將廢物利用為環境盡一份心力。 本研究使用兩個環境來討論零售商是否應該接受供應商所提出的販賣整新品的合約。在環境一中，假設單個零售商與供應商在單期供應鏈下，零售商可以自己決定販賣商品的售價和退貨價格，並且掌握顧客需求下來決定訂貨數量。在環境二中，供應商提出一個–整新品販賣合約，合約條件為販賣整新品與新產品的售價與回收價格必須固定，此時兩銷售者決定是否合作對於自身利益的影響。 ;Environmental sustainability has become an important issue with global warming nowadays. Many consumers have grown the environmental consciousness of buying the needs for living. According to this phenomenon, manufacturer and retailer choose to cooperate with returning the defective product. And refurbished the returning product can attract consumer with higher environmental consciousness. In the same time, retailer and manufacturer can saving the cost when selling the refurbishment product. In the long run, it is a very profitable strategy of manufacturing. In our research, we use two settings to compare whether retailer should accept a supplier′s contract or not. In environment 1, we consider one retailer and one supplier in single period. Retailer can decide the selling price and return price of the product by itself, and determine the order quantity based on the consumer demand. In environment 2, the supplier proposes a whole new product sales contract. Under this contract, retailer will sell two kinds of products simultaneously. One is new product with return policy, the other is refurbished product with reduction of carbon emission. And the selling price of new product and the selling price of refurbished price will be fixed in exchange.
