| 摘要: | 台灣家庭隨著時間的演進，家庭結構逐漸改變，由人口數眾多的折衷家庭轉變為人口數較少的核心家庭，但家庭戶數是逐年增加。家庭必備的洗衣機，需求也是與日俱增，隨著科技的進步、市場的競爭以及近年來Covid-19對家庭防疫生活的影響，消費者對於洗衣機的需求標準也越來越高，製造廠商紛紛加緊研發新商品與功能，以滿足消費者的需求。因此本文有二大研究主題，主題一為特徵價格分析，使用資料為2022年11月到2023年1月間，由MOMO購物網取得共計150筆的洗衣機價格資料，探討洗衣機基本屬性功能、附加功能、政府認證標章等變數，對洗衣機價格之影響。主題二為進口數量與價格分析，使用經濟部國際貿易局2018年至2022年間，洗衣機從國外五大進口國：中國、美國、日本、韓國、泰國每月平均進口價格與每月總進口金額等時間序列資料，探討進口國之間數量以及價格相互之影響。
透過特徵價格實證結果顯示，全機保固、洗衣機公斤數、洗衣機形式等變數具有正向顯著性，而來源國較不具有顯著性;烘衣功能、溫水洗淨功能、洗滌劑自動投入、馬達形式、SMART APP功能與洗衣機價格皆呈現正向關係，唯有洗滌劑自動投入較具有顯著性;節能標章與價格呈現負向顯著關係，而環保標章與價格呈現正向關係但不具有顯著性。透過進口數量需求模型實證結果顯示，各進口國家的進口價格與總進口金額，將會對彼此進口數量產生不同影響，其中可以發現影響因素不僅止於自身價格、進口總金額，亦包括交叉價格，換言之，包含洗衣機產地、機種等級以及市場定位等，皆可能影響洗衣機進口市場。
;As the family structure in Taiwan changes, the demand for washing machines as a household necessity is increasing. Technological advancements, market competition, and the impact of Covid-19 on household hygiene have raised consumers′ standards for washing machines. Fare striving to develop new products and functions to meet consumers′ ever-increasing demands.
Two research topics are explored: The first theme is a characteristic price analysis, using washing machine price data obtained from MOMO Shopping Network between November 2022 and January 2023. The study explores how variables such as basic and additional washing machine functions, government certification labels, and other factors affect washing machine prices. The second theme is a quantity price analysis, using time-series data on washing machine imports from China, the United States, Japan, Korea, and Thailand between 2018 and 2022, including monthly average import prices and total import values from each country. The study examines the mutual impact of quantity and price among the import countries. The results of the characteristic price analysis indicate that the warranty period, washing machine capacity, and washing machine type have a positive significant impact on prices, while the country of origin is less significant. The drying function, warm water washing function, automatic detergent injection, motor type, SMART APP function, and price all show a positive relationship, except for automatic detergent injection, which has a more significant impact. The energy label is negatively related to prices. The green label is positively correlated with price, but is not statistically significant.
The results of the quantity price analysis indicate that import prices and import values from different countries have varying effects on each other′s import quantities. The factors influencing the import market for washing machines go beyond price and import value, including the origin, machines level, and market positioning. |
