台灣導線架之市場結構-廠商行為-經營績效分析

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题名:	台灣導線架之市場結構-廠商行為-經營績效分析
作者:	張大智;Chang, Ta-Chih
贡献者:	高階主管企管碩士班
关键词:	導線架;半導體IC;封裝;結構-行為-績效(SCP);Lead frame;semiconductor IC;packaging;SCP(structure-conduct-performance)
日期:	2023-06-13
上传时间:	2024-09-19 16:19:58 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	台灣有半導體王國美譽，IC封裝測試產值位居全球之冠，而導線架是IC封裝測試的主要零組件之一；早年導線架的生產技術以及產能，主要由日本與德國廠商掌握，近年台灣廠商藉由併購以及研發，市占率與製程能力已大幅躍進；本研究運用經濟學中的結構-行為-績效分析模型(Structure-Conduct-Performance model, SCP)，分析國內導線架產業的市場結構、廠商行為與營運績效之關係，以尋求國內業者發展及進入的建議。研究結果發現，在市場結構方面，導線架產業為介於低度寡占至低度集中市場之間，廠商的產品主要是客戶設計或是業界公規，較少產品差異性，而新廠商進入門檻雖然不高，卻需要時間累積競爭力。在廠商行為方面，導線架廠商並無很強的定價能力，價格波動的主要因素是金屬行情以及供需態勢，而廠商的產品策略以及研究開發方向，對公司的成長及獲利息息相關，併購與聯盟也是廠商追求擴張的重要手段。在經營績效方面，藉由併購取得產能、技術以及銷售通路，是導線架廠商獲利成長的重要因素，而規模經濟、產品策略、市場需求量也對廠商的績效有直接影響。本研究給既有廠商或是新進廠商的建議，包括掌握上游原物料、合適的經濟規模、高信賴的品質體系、水平擴張的發展方向，以建立優良的體質及競爭力，推動台灣導線架產業從競爭中成長永續。;Taiwan is known as a Semiconductor Kingdom, with its output value of IC packaging and testing being ranked number one in the world. Lead frame is one of the main components of IC packaging. In recent years, Taiwanese lead frame manufacturers have gradually improved on the international market share and process capability through mergers and acquisitions. This research uses the Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) analysis model to evaluate six Taiwanese lead frame companies and provides advices on the future development and new entry strategy. The main results are summarized below. In terms of market structure, the lead frame industry is a moderately concentrated market. The products are mainly customer designs or industry standards, with little product differentiation. The entry threshold for new players is not high, while it takes time to strengthen its competitiveness. In terms of manufacturer conduct, pricing power is limited, with price fluctuations mostly driving by market demand and prices of metal. The manufacturer′s product strategy and research and development effort have great impacts on the company′s growth. Mergers and alliances are important measures to pursue expansion. In terms of business performance, obtaining production capacity, technology, and sales channels through mergers and acquisitions are the important factors to grow. In addition, the economies of scale, product strategy, and market demand have direct impacts on the performance of manufacturers. Our suggestions to manufacturers in the lead frame industry include mastering upstream raw materials, reaching economies of scale, establishing highly reliable quality system, and developing horizontal expansion strategy.
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