| 摘要: | 1949 年中華民國政府及國軍在大陸與共軍作戰失利，因此政府及國軍撤退臺灣
及其他大陸沿海島嶼，國共戰爭也從大陸戰場轉移到東南沿海島嶼，1949 年美
國對華政策轉變成觀望，正當中華民國風雨飄搖之時，韓戰爆發美國介入臺海
與國共兩軍在金門戰爭國軍獲勝，臺海軍事壓力下降此時共軍將軍事轉移到韓
戰，中華民國與美國合作在大陳成立大陸工作室與西方公司，展開對大陸突擊
進行情報收集及海上封鎖，1951 年共軍因韓戰情勢放緩再度將軍事重心轉移到
臺海目標選擇金門及大陳，其後共軍選擇大陳。
共軍戰略目標確定大陳，擬定三種進攻大陳列島方案，最終選擇一江山 島，其
後開始展開對大陳地區與國軍爭奪制空、制海權以及演練攻打一江山島前爭奪
東磯列島，以利於之後一江山島戰役前作戰需求。
國軍隨著 1950 年舟山群島淪陷，大陳列島位於國之北疆，臺灣海峽北端戰略價
值重要，但隨著共軍軍事壓力增加，政府及國軍在大陳各島積極建設軍事防禦
工事，隨著韓戰演變，大陳成為共軍的軍事目標，在胡宗南日記及蔣中正年
譜，可以看出共軍在攻打大陳各島過程中國軍始終知道共軍軍事目標在一江山
島，但隨著 1954 年太平艦事件以及多場空戰，國軍失去對大陳制空、制海權
使得一江山島戰役爆發前變成海上孤島，1955 年 1 月 18 日一江山島戰役爆發該
戰役是共軍首次現代化三軍跨海作戰，此戰役國共雙方在投入兵力、戰役發生
時間都存在紀錄上的差異，最終一江山島在 1955 年 1 月 20 日淪陷，一江山島
淪陷，上下大陳便陷入共軍火砲射程範圍之中，最終在中美合作之下從大陳撤
軍。
關鍵字：一江山島戰役、大陳、國共戰爭、反共救國軍;In 1949, the government of the Republic of China and the national army failed in the
battle against the communist army on the mainland. Therefore, the government and the
national army retreated to Taiwan and other coastal islands of the mainland. Wait and
see, just when the Republic of China was in turmoil, the Korean War broke out. The
United States intervened in the Taiwan Strait and the Nationalist and Communist armies
won the Kinmen War. Established a mainland studio and a western company to carry
out intelligence collection and maritime blockades on mainland raids. In 1951, the
communist army shifted its military focus to the Taiwan Strait again due to the
slowdown of the Korean War. The target selection was Kinmen and Dachen
The Communist Army’s strategic goal was determined at Dachen, and three plans were
drawn up to attack Dachen Island, and finally Yijiangshan Island was selected.
Afterwards, the Dachen area competed with the national army for air and sea control,
and drills were carried out to compete for the Dongji Islands before attacking
Yijiangshan Island. It is beneficial to the operational needs before the Yijiangshan
Island Battle.
National Army Following the fall of the Zhoushan Islands in 1950, Dachen Island is
located in the northern border of the country, and the strategic value of the northern end
of the Taiwan Strait is important. However, as the military pressure of the Communist
Army increased, the government and the National Army actively built military
fortifications on the Dachen Islands. With the evolution of the Korean War, Dachen
became the military target of the communist army. From Hu Zongnan’s diary and
Chiang Kai-shek’s chronicle, it can be seen that the Chinese army always knew that the
communist army’s military target was Yijiangshan Island when the communist army
attacked the islands of Dachen. With the Taiping incident in 1954 and many air battles,
the national army lost its air and sea control over Dachen
Before the Battle of Yijiangshan Island broke out, it became an isolated island on the
sea. On January 18, 1955, the Battle of Yijiangshan Island broke out. This battle was
the first modernized cross-sea battle of the Communist Army. In this battle, both the
KMT and the Communist Party have records on the input of troops and the time when
the battle took place. In the end, Yijiangshan Island fell on January 20, 1955. When
Yijiangshan Island fell, Shangxia Dachen fell into the range of the communist artillery,
and finally withdrew from Dachen under the cooperation of China and the United States.
Keywords：Battle of Yijiangshan Island、Da Chen、KMT-Communist War、Anti communist salvation troop |
