客家人的移入臺灣並不是一次性，較多是清代時期移入，關於這一批客家人在臺灣社會的形成與發展，已有不少的研究成果和論著；晚近是戰後移入的客家人：「半山客家」、「外省客家」、「華僑客家」、「婚配客家」…等，他們移民來臺灣有著不同的時空和背景因素。最近因婚姻而形成的客家移民議題較受到關注，但關於半山客家、外省客家、華僑客家的討論則是屈指可數。雖然他們的人數不多，但與原本在臺灣的客家人擁有不同的歷史記憶，且對於客家認同與想像有著不同的經驗。因此，他們的客家認同的建構與流動，是非常值得進一步深究的課題。外省客家的研究觸及「外省」和「客家」交錯與重疊問題，存在著「省籍」與「客語」雙重身分認同的游移。這凸顯若單獨從外省和客家兩個分立群體概念來討論外省客家人，是不足以解釋和說明兩者間的「推拉關係」；同時顯示過去多以「四海大平安」的客語腔調作為客家族群內部分類基礎，以及以「北中南東」的地域概念來作區分方式，有必要再做更為細緻的分類和探究。所以，本子計畫擬以「外省客家」族群認同形塑的歷程，來分析其與臺灣多元族群和客家族群的互動情形，究竟外省客家人是被排除在臺灣客家人之列，抑或是融入臺灣客家人成為其中的一部分。再者，本子計畫將就不同政治制度的安排，來討論其對外省客家人的自我歸屬或他者指認之影響和變化。從「外省客家」的角度，思考當代客家內部的多元性以及臺灣族群關係的發展，進一步探究政治、經濟力量和社會生活與族群刻板印象的交互影響。 ;The immigration of Hakka people to Taiwan was not a one-time event. Most of them immigrated during the Qing Dynasty. There have been many research results and treatises on the formation and development of this group of Hakka people in Taiwan society; more recently， the Hakka people immigrated after the war. : "Mid-level Hakkas"， "Hakkas from other provinces"， "Overseas Chinese Hakkas"， "Marriage Hakkas"... etc. They immigrated to Taiwan with different time， space and background factors. Recently， the issue of Hakka immigration caused by marriage has attracted more attention， but there are only a handful of discussions on mid-level Hakka， Hakka from other provinces， and overseas Chinese Hakka. Although their number is small， they have different historical memories from the original Hakkas in Taiwan， and have different experiences of Hakka identity and imagination. Therefore， the construction and flow of their Hakka identity is a subject worthy of further study. The study of Hakkas from other provinces touches on the intersection and overlap between "foreign provinces" and "Hakka"， and there is a wandering dual identity of "provincial origin" and "Hakka". This highlights that discussing the Hakkas from other provinces solely from the concepts of two separate groups， the other provinces and the Hakkas， is not enough to explain the "push-pull relationship" between the two. It also shows that in the past， Hakkas were mostly identified with the Hakka accent of "great peace in the world" It is necessary to conduct more detailed classification and exploration on the basis of internal classification of ethnic groups and the way of differentiation based on the regional concept of "north， middle， south and east". Therefore， this project intends to use the process of the formation of the identity of the "Hakka from other provinces" ethnic group to analyze its interaction with Taiwan's diverse ethnic groups and Hakka groups. Are Hakkas from other provinces excluded from the Hakkas in Taiwan， or integrated into Taiwan? Hakkas become part of it. Furthermore， this sub-project will discuss the arrangements of different political systems and their impact and changes on the self-ascription or other-identification of Hakkas in other provinces. From the perspective of "Hakkas from other provinces"， we consider the diversity within contemporary Hakkas and the development of ethnic relations in Taiwan， and further explore the interactive effects of political， economic power， social life and ethnic stereotypes.
