臺灣客家的多元類型分析與新族群性的形成

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Title:	臺灣客家的多元類型分析與新族群性的形成
Authors:	蕭新煌
Contributors:	國立中央大學客家語文暨社會科學學系
Keywords:	新族群性;多元類型
Date:	2024-09-27
Issue Date:	2024-09-30 17:09:12 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	客家委員會
Abstract:	本整合計畫將在民族國家的框架下，進行戰後台灣客家內部四個群體：（1）主流客家，17至18世紀大量移入臺灣的客家人。（2）外省客家，1945年後隨著國民黨政權移入台灣的客家人。（3）華僑客家，1960年代因為排華運動而移民臺灣的東南亞客家人。（4）新住民客家，1990年代以降，透過跨國婚姻管道移民到台灣的東南亞客家人。他們客家認同不盡相同，尤其是早期移入的客家群體（主流客家）與其他三類後期移入的「外省客家」、「華僑客家」和「新住民客家」之間客家認同與文化的差異性，形成多元性的族內關係。本整合計劃除了研究上述四種客家社群如何參與臺灣族群意識發展外，也以文學做為探討上述四種客家認同異同呈現的載體，藉此進一步釐清所謂多元類型和新族群性浮現的過程與結果。本研究的另一個重要議題是「新族群性」。「新族群性」不必然需要族群語言或是傳統文化做為認同的基礎，卻需要國家政策或是社會尊重個人與團體所承載的族群身分。不同移民時間與世代的客家人，往往呈現與傳統族群印象和意識內涵不同的「新族群性」，需要進一步研究並反思當代族群與客家政策，並提出更包容之政策建議，並進一步畫清所謂多元類型和新族群性浮現的另類分析結果。 ;This integration plan will be carried out within the framework of the nation-state， covering four groups within postwar Taiwan Hakka: (1) Mainstream Hakka， the Hakka who immigrated to Taiwan in large numbers from the 17th to the 18th century. (2) Hakkas from other provinces， Hakkas who moved to Taiwan with the Kuomintang regime after 1945. (3) Overseas Chinese Hakka， the Southeast Asian Hakka who immigrated to Taiwan in the 1960s due to the anti-Chinese movement. (4) New residents Hakka， Hakka from Southeast Asia who immigrated to Taiwan through transnational marriage channels since the 1990s. Their Hakka identity is different， especially the differences in Hakka identity and culture between the early-immigrated Hakka group (mainstream Hakka) and the other three types of later-immigrated Hakkas: "Hakka from other provinces"， "Overseas Chinese Hakka" and "New Resident Hakka". Form a pluralistic intra-group relationship. In addition to studying how the above-mentioned four Hakka communities participate in the development of ethnic consciousness in Taiwan， this integration project also uses literature as a vehicle to explore the similarities and differences in the above-mentioned four Hakka identities， thereby further clarifying the process and process of the emergence of so-called multiple types and new ethnic identities. result. Another important topic in this study is "new ethnicity". "New ethnic identity" does not necessarily require ethnic language or traditional culture as the basis of identity， but requires national policies or society to respect the ethnic identity carried by individuals and groups. Hakkas of different immigration times and generations often present a "new ethnic identity" that is different from the traditional ethnic image and ideological connotation. Further research and reflection on contemporary ethnic and Hakka policies are needed， and more inclusive policy suggestions are put forward， and the so-called "new ethnic identity" needs to be further clarified. Alternative analysis results of the emergence of multiple types and new ethnicities.
Relation:	財團法人國家實驗研究院科技政策研究與資訊中心
Appears in Collections:	[department of Hakka Language and Social Sciences] Research Project

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