| 摘要: | 這些年來，有機材料作為的太陽能電池，如有機光伏(OPVs)、染料敏化太陽能電池(DSSCs)和鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 (PSCs)，其發展受到了廣泛的注目及重視。當中又以鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 (PSCs)最受期待及具有極高的發展潛能。2009年鈣鈦礦被作為太陽能電池材料，時至今日，已經從原先的3.9%到現在的26.1%。
本篇研究設計並合成出兩系列的電洞傳輸材料(HTMs)並將其運用在反式鈣鈦礦太陽能電池中。第一系列為TCPS series，以Triphenylamine作為Donor、Carbazole作為π-bridge、Pyridine作為Acceptor並在末端接上Anchoring group。形成這種以「推電子基團→π共軛系統→拉電子基團= 錨定基團」為架構的Pyridinium衍生物。末端錨定基團以烯醇的形式能延長整體的共軛長度，使整體具有更好的電洞遷移率。第二系列為DE series以乙醯丙酮作為Acceptor旁邊接上一個碳設計出具有兩個enol form的分子結構，並在一端接上作為Donor的 Triphenylamine，而另一端則引入不同推電子基團來延長整體的共軛性，提升電洞遷移率。這兩系列也能藉由enol form與鈣鈦礦吸光層上未配位的鉛離子產生作用力鈍化缺陷，並且經由螯合作用吸附在ITO基板上，藉此改善界面特性，提高電荷傳輸效率，進一步探討對元件性能的影響。
;In recent years, solar cells based on organic materials, such as Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs), Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs), and Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs), have garnered widespread attention and focus. Among these, Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) are the most anticipated and have shown tremendous potential for development. Since perovskites were first used as solar cell materials in 2009, their efficiency has increased significantly from an initial 3.9% to the current 26.1%.
This study designed and synthesized two series of hole transport materials (HTMs) and applied them in inverted perovskite solar cells. The first series, named the TCPS series, uses triphenylamine as the donor, carbazole as the π-bridge, and pyridine as the acceptor, with an anchoring group attached at the end. This forms a pyridinium derivative with a "Donor → π-conjugated system → Acceptor = Anchoring group" structure. The terminal anchoring group, in the form of an enol, extends the overall conjugation length, resulting in improved hole mobility.The second series, referred to as the DE series, uses acetylacetone as the acceptor, with a carbon adjacent to it to design a molecular structure featuring two enol forms. Triphenylamine, serving as the donor, is attached at one end, while different electron-donating groups are introduced at the other end to further extend the conjugation and enhance hole mobility. These two series can also interact with uncoordinated lead ions in the perovskite absorber layer through the enol form to passivate defects. Additionally, they can adsorb onto the ITO substrate through chelation, thereby improving interfacial properties and charge transport efficiency. The impact on device performance is further explored. |
