| 摘要: | 本論文為狙擊鏡瞄準系統設計，旨在於透過可視穿穿戴裝置結合數位
狙擊鏡影像以及擴增實境達到戰術應用需求。本文設計狙擊鏡為十六倍角
放大率，以一公里距離瞄準兩公尺目標物，40 毫米入瞳口徑為起始值去設
計。狙擊鏡系統分為物鏡系統、反轉鏡系統、目鏡系統、以及數位相機系
統。物鏡系統焦距176 毫米，半視角0.7 度，反轉鏡系統橫向放大率-2
倍，目鏡系統出瞳口徑2.5 毫米，焦距22 毫米。數位相機系統，採用五百
萬畫素的COMS 感測器，半視角11.06 度，F/#為4.7。四者分別設計，並
要求成像品質，光學畸變，橫向色差，波前像差，公差分析。後續接合四
個系統驗證是否有達設計規格，本文狙擊鏡設計確保50 毫米的良視距
離，初階規格無誤狀況下還有不錯的波前像差及成像品質，而數位相機接
續狙擊鏡，將數位相機的光圈至於相機第一面上，並與目鏡系統相同大小
且重合。最終狙擊鏡系統加上數位相機，在空間頻率80 lp/mm 時，最差視
場的MTF 也大於0.5。
可視穿穿戴裝置，分為照明系統和成像系統。透過色序式LED 光
源，經由準直鏡，透鏡陣列，集光鏡來達到均勻化的照明系統。反射式矽
基液晶顯示器(Liquid crystal on silicon)顯示數位狙擊鏡影影像，經過半視
角12 度，像距兩公尺的微型投影鏡頭，並以分光鏡反射至眼睛。並計算
轉換效率，照明均勻度，輝度對比度，以及可視穿裝置體積及重量。;In this thesis, we aimed at meeting tactical application requirements by combining digital sniper scope with augmented reality through wearable visual devices. The designed sniper scope has a magnification of sixteen times, targeting a two-meter object at a one-kilometer distance, with a 40mm entrance pupil diameter as the starting value. The sniper scope system is divided into the objective lens system, relay lens system, and eyepiece system. The objective lens system has a focal length of 176mm, a half-angle of view of 0.7 degrees, and the reverse lens system has a horizontal magnification of -2 times, while the eyepiece system has an exit pupil diameter of 2.5mm and a focal length of 22 mm. The digital camera system utilizes a 5-megapixel CMOS image sensor, with a half-angle of view of 11.06 degrees, and an F/# of 4.7. Each of these systems is designed with requirements for imaging quality, optical distortion, lateral chromatic aberration, wavefront aberration, and tolerance analysis. Subsequently, the integration of these four systems is validated to meet the design specifications. The design of the sniper scope in this paper ensures a eye relief distance of 50mm, with good wavefront aberration and imaging quality under initial specifications without error. The digital camera is connected to the sniper scope, positioning the camera′s aperture on the first surface of the camera, making it the same size and aligned with the eyepiece system. In the final sniper scope system with the digital camera attached, the MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) at a spatial frequency of 80 lp/mm is greater than 0.5 for the worst field of view.
The wearable visual device is divided into an illumination system and an imaging system. The uniform illumination system is achieved through a color-sequence LED light source, collimating mirror, lens array, and condenser lens. The reflective Liquid Crystal on Silicon displays the digital sniper scope imagery, which is then reflected to the eyes via a semi-angle of 12 degrees micro-projector lens at a distance of two meters, using a beamsplitter. The efficiency of conversion, illumination uniformity, brightness contrast, as well as the volume and weight of the wearable visual device are calculated and evaluated. |
