中小企業授信風險評估與管理 ─以F銀行為例

NCU Institutional Repository > 管理學院 > 高階主管企管（EMBA）碩士班 > 博碩士論文 > Item 987654321/95229

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题名:	中小企業授信風險評估與管理 ─以F銀行為例
作者:	廖書麟;LIAO, SHU LIN
贡献者:	高階主管企管碩士班
关键词:	中小企業;授信;風險;Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs);Credit;Risk
日期:	2024-05-28
上传时间:	2024-10-09 16:28:15 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	銀行在承作企業金融貸放業務時，根據徵信資料如公司登記、企業背景、股權架構、財務報表等綜合評估，並考慮外部市場經濟條件來辨別和評估中小企業的信用風險，並採取如貸後條件追蹤、覆審等風險管理措施，以確保融資授信的安全性和合規性。由於無法即時掌握企業經營狀況，銀行不良債權可能激增，影響放款資產品質。因此，近年來歐美銀行逐漸放棄以資產為基礎的授信方式，轉向以現金流量為基礎，如應收帳款承購業務，以交易為授信基礎，直接掌控還款來源和授信額度，並切入企業日常營業活動，提高企業對銀行的忠誠度。中小企業在經濟和社會穩定中扮演關鍵角色，但在獲取融資上仍面臨困難，因此，信用風險評估對銀行是否提供貸款及貸款條件有決定性影響，並可通過預警機制降低授信風險。本研究旨在探討商業銀行如何改進對中小企業的授信風險評估與管理，透過量化及質化等風險指標、收集多元數據、商業銀行現行的信用評估模型，進而確認企業之融資可行性，同時確保銀行的風險管理和經營穩健性。對於企業而言，這些措施則更容易獲得銀行穩健的融資服務，促進其發展壯大，推動經濟的穩定增長。;When banks undertake corporate finance lending activities, they conduct a comprehensive assessment based on credit information such as company registration, corporate background, equity structure, financial statements, and other factors. They also consider external market economic conditions to identify and evaluate the credit risk of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Banks adopt risk management measures such as post-loan condition monitoring and re-evaluation to ensure the safety and compliance of credit financing. Due to the inability to monitor the real-time operational status of enterprises, banks may face a surge in non-performing loans, affecting the quality of their loan portfolios. Consequently, in recent years, banks in Europe and the United States have gradually shifted from asset-based lending to cash flow-based lending. This includes purchasing accounts receivable and using transactions as the basis for credit, directly controlling repayment sources and credit limits, and integrating into the daily business activities of enterprises to increase their loyalty to the bank. SMEs play a crucial role in economic and social stability but still face challenges in obtaining financing. Therefore, credit risk assessment has a decisive impact on whether banks provide loans and the terms of those loans. Implementing early warning mechanisms can reduce credit risk. This study aims to explore how commercial banks can improve credit risk assessment and management for SMEs. By utilizing quantitative and qualitative risk indicators, collecting diverse data, and analyzing the current credit evaluation models of commercial banks, the study seeks to confirm the feasibility of financing for enterprises while ensuring the risk management and operational stability of banks. For enterprises, these measures facilitate the acquisition of stable financing services from banks, promoting their growth and contributing to stable economic development.
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