| 摘要: | 社會住宅是以只租不賣解決弱勢族群或青少年的租住需求，政府積極推動興辦社會住宅，而從政府的8年政策期間，目標為興辦12萬戶及包租代管8萬戶，而目前12萬戶的社宅興辦進度，以既有+新完工總數僅約為24 %，政府與住都中心興辦能量有限及社會住宅存量不足，政府更應積極推動民間力量興辦社會住宅。目前民間興建社會住宅之實際案例較少，無法顯示社會住宅採用促參模式之實際效益及具體作為。政府在興建社宅，需要投入資金甚大，政府興辦社宅的經費需以長期融資攤還之方式，長期內需支付大量利息與本金對於政府財政造成相當的壓力。促進民間參與公共建設是以利用民間力量加速公共建設的提供，透過民間的財力與能力，增加財務運用的彈性，政府也可以提供監督及條件，促使民間、政府與社會三贏的局勢。而目前政府因為籌資有融資額度限制與各地方政府或都更中心要辦理採購速度相對較慢，因此希望透過政府與民間實力與資金兩者的合作增加可行渠道。本研究整理之促參效益、適合導入促參模式的方法、財務可行性及營運狀況，將藉由專家的豐富實務經驗，彙整對於國內針對社會住宅興建採用促參法的想法、觀點，並提供國內採用促參興建社宅之合適建議。經研究後可知採用促參案件興辦社宅規劃時，在前期階段應與外界的居民或是廠商溝通，降低財務風險，而根據研究彙整財務可行性及營運階段並透過專家經驗得出政府若以促參BTO模式有助於提升民間興辦社宅之可行性。;Social housing is designed to address the rental needs of vulnerable populations or young people by providing rental-only options. The government has been actively promoting the establishment of social housing, with a target of building 120,000 units and managing 80,000 units through lease contracts over an 8-year policy period. However, the progress in constructing these 120,000 social housing units currently stands at only about 24% of the combined total of existing and newly completed units. Due to limited capacity in government and urban housing development centers and inadequate stock of social housing, the government should actively encourage private sector involvement in building social housing. Presently, there are few actual cases of private sector-built social housing, making it difficult to demonstrate the practical benefits and concrete outcomes of using the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model for social housing. Building social housing requires significant financial investment by the government, which must be repaid through long-term financing arrangements. This long-term repayment entails substantial interest and principal payments, putting considerable strain on government finances. Encouraging private sector participation in public construction projects aims to expedite the provision of public infrastructure by leveraging private sector resources and capabilities. Through this collaboration, the government can provide supervision and conditions to ensure a win-win situation for the private sector, government, and society. Currently, the government faces limitations in fundraising due to financing quota restrictions and relatively slow procurement processes by local governments or urban housing development centers. Therefore, there is a hope to increase viable channels through collaboration between government and private sector resources and funding. This study aims to summarize the benefits of PPP, methods suitable for implementing PPP models, financial feasibility, and operational conditions. Drawing on the extensive practical experience of experts, it will compile thoughts and perspectives on the adoption of PPP in social housing construction in Taiwan and provide appropriate recommendations for its implementation. Research findings suggest that during the planning phase of social housing projects using the PPP model, communication with local residents or businesses should be conducted to reduce financial risks. Based on the research findings on financial feasibility and operational phases, the PPP Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model is recommended to enhance the viability of private sector-led social housing projects. |
