間質性膀胱炎（IC/BPS）是一種以排尿功能紊亂和盆腔疼痛為特徵的慢性疾病，影響著全球數百萬人。此疾病主要病因尚不清楚，且症狀的複雜性導致診斷的不確定性，進而導致治療效果不佳。2021年研究發現葡萄糖增生療法對患者是安全的，並能增強對組織重塑的刺激，因此，期望透過16S片段定序研究尿液微生物組的變化以探討此療法的潛在治療機制。從對照組的健康參與者以及間質性膀胱炎患者接受葡萄糖增生療法前後，採集排出的中段尿液樣本，通過對尿液樣本進行 16S rRNA 基因測序，檢測尿液微生物組。在健康對照組和間質性膀胱炎患者之間觀察到尿液微生物組多樣性有顯著差異。 間質性膀胱炎患者中變形菌門、厚壁菌門及擬桿菌門較豐富。重要的是，葡萄糖增殖療法導致有害細菌（Subgroup_22、Chryseolinea 和 Ureaplasma）減少，同時豐富了有益菌種，如Luteolibacter、Lactococcus,和 L. lactis，與臨床症狀的改善有關。葡萄糖增殖療法不僅可以減少間質性膀胱炎患者中有害細菌的存在，還可以促進有益微生物的生長。這些發現表明，尿液微生物組的調節可能是其治療成功的關鍵因素。;Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic disease characterized by disruptions in urinary function and the presence of pelvic pain that affects millions of people worldwide. The major etiology of IC/BPS remains unclear, compounded by the complexity of symptoms leading to diagnostic uncertainties and consequently, suboptimal treatment outcomes. The 2021 study demonstrated that dextrose prolotherapy was safe for patients with IC/BPS and enhanced stimulation of tissue remodeling. Thus, further exploration of the potential therapeutic mechanisms of dextrose prolotherapy is anticipated. Through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, this study aims to investigate the characteristics of the urinary microbiome in patients before and after receiving dextrose prolotherapy, seeking insights into its potential therapeutic mechanisms. Voided midstream urine samples were obtained from healthy participants and patients with IC/BPS before and after dextrose prolotherapy. Significant differences in urinary microbiome diversity were observed between healthy controls and IC/BPS patients. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidota were more abundant in IC/BPS patients. Importantly, dextrose prolotherapy led to a decrease in harmful bacteria (Subgroup_22, and Chryseolinea, and Ureaplasma) while enriching beneficial species such as Luteolibacter, Lactococcus, and L. lactis, correlating with improved clinical symptoms. Dextrose prolotherapy not only reduces the presence of harmful bacteria but also fosters the growth of beneficial microbes in IC/BPS patients. These findings suggest that the modulation of the urinary microbiome may be a key factor in its therapeutic success.
