從《貞觀政要》論君與臣的中正之道

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题名:	從《貞觀政要》論君與臣的中正之道
作者:	邱祐寧;Chiu, Yu-Ning
贡献者:	哲學研究所在職專班
关键词:	貞觀政要;中正之道;君臣關係;唐代政治思想;Governance of the Zhenquan Era;The Way of Justice and Fairness;Ruler -Minister Relationship;Political Thought of the Tang Dynasty
日期:	2025-01-06
上传时间:	2025-04-09 17:16:50 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	本文欲以《貞觀政要》作為視點，觀中國古代著名的盛世中，君、臣關係的脈絡以及其中體現出的中國哲學思想。筆者以「中正」概念解析君、臣之間的權力、德行、修養實踐等面向，在治理國家或組織管理的領域中，提供一個東方政治哲學的發想。本文首先透過爬梳《貞觀政要》的君臣對話，系統性的整理出「君道」與「臣道」之內涵。君道方面，由君德之分、聖明與昏庸、求諫納賢、民本等議題切入，並嘗試歸納出君王須具備的治國方針與修身之道。臣道方面，以君臣關係的維繫以及為人臣者的「忠」之概念作為探討核心。接著，本文提出了《貞觀政要》中出現的君權、臣權之間外顯與內隱的矛盾關係，意即在真實的歷史中爬梳出君、臣之間潛在的「中正」可能。最終，本文由《孟子》、《管子》、《張載》等經典脈絡，爬梳了「中正」之哲學意涵，並嘗試以「中正之道」作為君、臣關係及治世的典範。 ;This paper analyzes the emperor-minister relationship during the Tang Dynasty′s Zhenguan era, drawing insights from the Zhenguan Political Treatise. By examining the concept of "zhongzheng" (The concept of ′zhongzheng′, which refers to a state of balance), it explores the power dynamics, ethical conduct, and self-cultivation practices between ruler and ruled. The study aims to contribute to Eastern political philosophy, offering valuable insights for both governance and modern organizational management.The analysis begins by delineating the principles of rulership (Jundao) and ministerial conduct (Chendao) through an examination of dialogues within the Treatise. Jundao emphasizes virtues like wisdom, benevolence, and the importance of seeking advice and employing talent. Chendao focuses on loyalty and maintaining a harmonious relationship with the emperor. The paper then investigates the inherent tensions between imperial and ministerial power, exploring the potential for "zhongzheng" – a state of balance and harmony – within these dynamics. Finally, drawing upon the philosophical works of Mencius, Guan Zi, and Zhang Zai, the paper examines the deeper philosophical implications of "zhongzheng". It proposes "the way of zhongzheng" as a model for both effective governance and harmonious interpersonal relationships within organizations.
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