摘要 本論文宗旨主要探討人對快樂的價值體認及對快樂的追尋模式，藉由王陽明「樂是心之本體」切入王陽明心學對於「樂」、「萬物一體」的理論概念，同時由理論深入工夫架構，以爬梳出人能活出心體本樂的可能性。以現代人追求快樂的角度反觀王陽明樂心體的理論系統，洞悉出兩者的差異性，以對「樂」概念有所釐清。同時，在有了樂理論「知」的確立後，接續探究「行」的實踐架構。以「志定良知」、「謙己、聽信良知」及「敬畏良知」的態度作為工夫基底，再將其置入自身以及日常生活中去實行「知行合一」、「存天理、去人欲」以及「致良知」的下學工夫。最後明晰「致良知」是「反求諸己」到「實有諸己」以實現「自慊」的過程，從而能與最初的心體本樂對接。王陽明心學是本末一貫的反身工夫，除了要人慎獨的面對自己以回復心體，同時也要人在生活中落實體現，回復人本有的「一體性樂境」，實現儒家的仁樂之道。 ;Abstract This paper primarily aims to explore the value perception of happiness in humans and its pursuit patterns. By examining Wang Yangming′s theory that "happiness is the essence of the mind," the paper delves into Yangming′s philosophy on "happiness" and the concept of "the unity of all things." It also investigates the theoretical framework for practical effort, aiming to uncover the possibility of living out true happiness. By contrasting modern perspectives on the pursuit of happiness with Yangming′s conceptualization of joyful mind-body integration, the paper seeks to clarify the differences between the two approaches to the concept of "happiness." After establishing the theoretical knowledge, the paper then explores the practical framework for implementation. It examines the preparatory attitudes necessary for effort, including dedication to conscience, self-humility, trust in conscience, and reverence for conscience. These attitudes are foundational for the practical integration of "knowledge-action unity," "preserving the principles of Heaven and eliminating human desires," and "cultivating the original conscience" in daily life. Finally, it clarifies that "cultivating the original conscience" involves the process of "self-reflection" to achieve "self-realization" and ultimately reconnect with the original joyful mind. Yangming’s philosophy represents a consistent and reflective effort, requiring individuals not only to face themselves with caution but also to implement and embody these principles in their daily lives, thus restoring the inherent "unified joyful state" and realizing the Confucian path of internal sanctity and external kingship.
