最終財廠商的ESG對廠商利潤的影響

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Title:	最終財廠商的ESG對廠商利潤的影響
Authors:	劉佩怡;Liu, Pei-Yi
Contributors:	產業經濟研究所
Keywords:	環境-社會-治理;中間財;最終財;利潤;勾結效果;environment– social – governance (ESG);final goods;intermediate goods;profits;collusive effect
Date:	2025-01-13
Issue Date:	2025-04-09 17:29:35 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	在生產最終財的過程中會產生污染是很常見的，廠商須肩負「環境–社會–治理」更逐漸成為常態，因此本論文將建立一最終財廠商的連續雙占垂直相關市場模型包含上游中間財與下游，來探討當最終財廠商具備ESG企業社會責任而關心其生產活動造成的環境損害時，廠商決策對最終財廠商其自身及上游中間財廠商的產量、利潤，中間財與最終財市場價格的影響，特別是關心廠商利潤會如何受到廠商ESG責任的影響。本論文的理論模型結果發現，在上下游均為雙占的市場中，若兩廠商關心環境的ESG程度不相同，則當一最終財廠商有更高ESG程度更關心環境時，該廠商會自發性減產，利潤則同步減少，對手廠商則會因而增產，且利潤增加，最終財總產量則會減少，價格提高。當最終財廠商因關心環境減產，會使上游中間財廠商的需求同步減少，中間財廠商則會因此減產，其利潤也同步減少；中間財的價格則會因中間財市場規模變小而降低。從另一個角度，在相同的產業文化下，同產業的廠商關心環境損害的程度是相似的，因此我們在另一模型假設二最終財廠商關心環境損害的程度是相同的。結果發現，若下游廠商關心環境的程度很低，且單位環境損害不會太大時，兩廠商皆會因關心環境而減產並產生勾結效果，使得市場價格上升，兩廠商的利潤均會提高，且此時的利潤亦高於傳統模式；若單位環境損害變大，則利潤先升後降，可能大於或小於傳統追求利潤最大化下的利潤，取決於環境損害的大小；若單位環境損害很大，則當廠商只要更關心環境時，就會導致利潤減少且較傳統模式下來的少。本論文探討了許多當最終財廠商開始關心環境並重視ESG時，對上下游廠商的產量及利潤有何等影響，亦探討在哪些情況下可能產生勾結效果，哪些情況下會造成利潤上升與降低，希望可以就不同的面向來補足關於ESG對廠商收益影響的探討。 ;Environmental pollution is a common byproduct in the production of final goods. This study establishes a theoretical Cournot quantity competition model under a duopoly market structure to examine the impact of “environment– social – governance (ESG) “ —specifically when firms consider the environmental harm caused by their production, the output and profits of final goods firms and their upstream intermediate goods suppliers, as well as on the prices in both markets. The findings reveal that in a duopoly market, when one final goods firm adopts ESG principles and begins to address environmental concerns, it voluntarily reduces its output, leading to a decline in its profits. Conversely, its competitor increases output and sees an increase in profits. As a result, the total output of final goods decreases. The reduction in output by the environmentally conscious firm also lowers its demand for intermediate goods, prompting upstream firms to reduce their production and experience a decrease in profits. The intermediate goods market price falls due to the contraction of market size. In another model, assuming that both final goods firms share a similar level of concern for environmental harm under a common industry culture, the results vary depending on the level of concern. If the firms’ environmental concern is low and the per-unit environmental damage is minimal, both firms reduce output, resulting in a collusive effect that drives market prices higher and increases profits for both firms. Under such conditions, profits surpass those of the traditional profit-maximization model. However, as per-unit environmental damage increases, profits first rise and then fall, which may be greater or less than traditional profits, depending on the extent of the damage. When environmental damage is severe, increased environmental concern leads to profit declines below traditional levels. This study explores the impact of ESG adoption by final goods firms on the output and profits of upstream and downstream firms and identifies conditions under which collusive effects arise, as well as when profits increase or decrease. The findings aim to provide a comprehensive perspective on how ESG considerations influence corporate profitability.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of Industrial Economics] Electronic Thesis & Dissertation

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