語句階層的聽覺語言理解機制：電生理學之關聯性和口語中文;Auditory Language Comprehension Mechanism at Sentence Level：Electrophysiological Correlation and Spoken Mandarin Chinese

NCU Institutional Repository > 生醫理工學院 > 認知與神經科學研究所 > 博碩士論文 > Item 987654321/96374

請使用永久網址來引用或連結此文件: http://ir.lib.ncu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/96374

題名:	語句階層的聽覺語言理解機制：電生理學之關聯性和口語中文;Auditory Language Comprehension Mechanism at Sentence Level：Electrophysiological Correlation and Spoken Mandarin Chinese
作者:	呂宛宜;Lu, Wen-Yi
貢獻者:	認知與神經科學研究所
關鍵詞:	語言理解;口語語言理解;語句處理歷程;中文;解碼;腦電波儀器;事件相關電位;auditory language comprehension;spoken language understanding;sentence processing;Madarin Chinese;decoding;EEG;ERP
日期:	2025-01-17
上傳時間:	2025-04-09 18:21:49 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	近年來，數個探討口語聽覺理解機制的電生理學假說，皆以多個事件相關電位（Event-Related Potential，ERP）之研究為主要基礎，致力於探討大腦理解口語語言的腦神經電生理學假說。可惜的是相較其他語言，目前較缺乏以中文為語言背景基礎的相關研究和假說，而不同語言之間對於語言組成要素（linguistic components）的編碼型式也是需要納入口語聽覺理解機制的重要向度，故本研究以台灣日常對話情境和語言文化為背景，目的為探討中文獨特或與其他語言共有的大腦口語聽覺理解機制，重新思考並檢驗近年來涉及口語聽覺理解機制的電生理學假說和觀點。 Friederici 於2011 年指出大腦的各種語言處理歷程無疑是於時間歷程中展開的，基於此論點和本研究目的，使用高時間解析度的腦電波儀器（Electroencephalography，EEG）探討在時間向度中展開的大腦聽覺理解歷程，並輔以圖片指認作業和語句內容合理度判斷作業。本研究一共分析了27 位年紀介於20 至53 歲之健康成人的腦電波數據和行為數據，探討語句複雜度效果、語句異常效果和口語韻律效果對於口語聽覺理解機制的影響。本研究結果顯示，中文的語句複雜度、語句合理性和口語韻律，對於口語語言理解機制有很重要且顯著的影響。當語句結構及內容異常、口語韻律豐富度不足等任一因素，同時或獨立出現在聽覺訊息中，會導致認知負擔增加並誘發出與認知資源相關的事件相關電位—P200、P3a、P3b，且後續引發的事件相關電位的種類、潛伏時長和頭皮分布也不盡相同。此外，不論語句複雜或是語句異常與否，只要口語韻律豐富度夠高，皆會於早期誘發出ELAN（Early Left Anterior Negativity）的事件相關電位。而相較以英語和德語為基礎的語言腦電波研究，本研究之中文單音節語言（monosyllabic languages）的語言組成特性，可能為ELAN 在口語韻律自然豐富的語句異常效果中、N400 和LAN（Left Anterior Negativity）在口語韻律自然豐富的語句複雜度效果中，潛伏時長更短的原因之一。於神經科學領域而言，本研究揭示在較高語言層次－語句階層的聽覺理解歷程中，認知和韻律的重要性，並在以中文為基礎的語言腦電波研究中，重現了ELAN和LAN兩個事件相關電位。於臨床醫學介入而言，本研究揭示出大腦聽覺理解機制的錯綜複雜性，並以此建議臨床的重複性經顱磁刺激（Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation，rTMS）治療，未來須納入全面性的語言能力評估，並針對個別的受損區域和受損功能，搭配傳統語言治療，給予相對應的治療處置。於臨床語言治療介入而言，其一，本研究建議臨床語言治療須重視認知功能對於神經發展性疾病、後天神經損傷疾病和神經退化性疾病的重要性，當訊息理解過程中或是溝通情境中出現任一語言組成要素的異常或扭曲，認知功能將會成為個案能否完全理解聽覺訊息和能否從中學習的重要指標；其二，本研究強調臨床語言治療中，語言學習環境設置、口語訊息複雜度和口語韻律掌控能力對於語言學習和理解聽覺訊息的重要性。未來的研究建議以本研究為基石，進一步探討各年紀族群或各種腦神經相關障礙之間的口語聽覺理解機制的異同，並建立相對應的腦波資料庫，除了可以更了解各年紀和各神經相關障礙在口語聽覺理解歷程上的異同並制定出更合適的治療計劃，也可以將其應用於臨床診斷中，與臨床評估相結合，及早做出語言相關的臨床診斷並及早給予適宜的醫療處置和介入。;Several electrophysiological studies investigating spoken auditory comprehension have recently focused on various event-related potentials (ERPs) studies to explore the electrophysiological hypotheses regarding how the human brain processes spoken languages. Unfortunately, the limited number of studies and hypotheses is based on the Mandarin Chinese linguistic background compared to other languages. Moreover, understanding the decoding patterns of linguistic components across different languages is essential for elucidating the mechanisms of spoken auditory language comprehension. Consequently, the present study is situated within everyday Taiwanese conversations and language culture. The study aims to investigate the distinct and shared mechanisms of auditory language comprehension with other languages while re-evaluating and examining the electrophysiological hypotheses and perspectives related to this process. Friederici (2011) indicated that the processes involved in comprehending multiple languages unfold over a temporal scale. Based on this premise and the objectives of the current study, we employed electroencephalography (EEG) with high temporal resolution to investigate auditory language comprehension. This was complemented by a picturepointing task and a plausibility judgment task involving sentences. The study analyzed electrophysiological and behavioral data from 27 healthy adults aged 20 to 53 to investigate the effects of sentential complexity, sentence anomaly, and linguistic prosody on auditory language comprehension. The results indicated that the sentential complexity, sentential plausibility, and linguistic prosody in Mandarin Chinese have a crucial and significant influence on the auditory language comprehension mechanism. First, when these factors involved abnormal sentential structure and limited richness of linguistic prosody — whether independently or concurrently — these abnormalities and limitations led to increased cognitive load. They elicited the ERPs related to the cognitive resources, specifically P200, P3a, and P3b. Furthermore, the subsequent ERPs also differed in type, latency, and scalp distribution. Second, regardless of whether the sentences were complex or anomalous, stimuli would elicit the Early Left Anterior Negativity (ELAN) component if the linguistic prosody was sufficiently rich and natural. Moreover, in comparison to other electrophysiological research in the language domain focused on English and German, the constituent properties of linguistic components in monosyllabic languages, such as Mandarin Chinese in this present study, may contribute to a shorter latency than typically observed, including the ELAN components in the anomalous effect of natural speech observed in the present study, as well as the N400 and Left Anterior Negativity (LAN) components in the complexity effect of natural speech observed in the present study. The present study elucidates the intricacy of the auditory language comprehension mechanism in neuroscience. Based on these findings, it is suggested that Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) as a clinical intervention should include a comprehensive language assessment and tailor the protocol and localization to address the specific deficient regions and functions in the future. Furthermore, the focused language functions in the rTMS intervention should align with the objectives of speech-language therapy. In clinical speech-language therapy, this study first emphasizes the significance of cognitive function in neurodevelopmental, acquired neurological, and neurodegenerative disorders. When any linguistic component is abnormal or distorted in auditory language comprehension processing or communicative contexts, the cognitive function becomes essential for individuals to understand and learn the language thoroughly. Second, the study underscores the importance of the language learning environment, the complexity of spoken messages, and the ability to control linguistic prosody. These factors are crucial for comprehending spoken messages and effective language learning. The present study suggests that future research should further explore the similarities and differences in auditory language comprehension mechanisms among various age groups and individuals with neurological disorders. Furthermore, this study also suggests establishing the corresponding brainwave data, which will assist speech-language pathologists in developing more suitable treatment plans. Additionally, this data can be applied in clinical assessments and diagnoses alongside behavioral and language evaluations. Integrating clinical assessments and diagnoses will facilitate earlier and more accurate language-related diagnoses, enabling timely medical intervention.
顯示於類別:	[認知與神經科學研究所 ] 博碩士論文

文件中的檔案:

檔案	描述	大小	格式	瀏覽次數
index.html		0Kb	HTML	17	檢視/開啟

在NCUIR中所有的資料項目都受到原著作權保護.

社群 sharing

資料載入中.....