急診室作為醫療體系中的重要組成部分，承擔著處置緊急傷病患的首要責任，是珍貴的醫療資源，也是公共健康體系中不可或缺的資產。然而，急診室的工作環境極具挑戰性，員工需承擔高強度的工作量，並進行三班輪班，這不僅對護理人員的身心健康造成壓力，也對其家庭及社交生活造成影響，進而影響留任率與工作滿意度。傳統的排班方式，雖以經驗為基礎，但往往無法充分兼顧工作負擔的合理分配、員工需求及法規要求，導致工作效率低下且容易引發人力資源配置上的不公平。 本研究以新北市某醫院急診室為範例，針對急診室護理師排班進行最佳化。透過建立數學模型，利用 LINGO-12 軟體進行0-1整數規劃運算，旨在設計一套公平、合理的排班方案，以降低排班上的作業時間，並優化護理師的工作區域負荷達到平均。針對模型中可能影響最終結果之限制條件參數，進行敏感度分析，以探討各參數變動對排班結果的影響，並透過統計分析方法對數據進行評估與解釋，進而提出具參考價值之人力配置決策建議。本研究成果可有效縮短排班作業時間，並提升工作區域間的人力分配平衡，減少個別護理師在特定區域的負荷過重情形。透過數學模型的導入與系統化排班方式，能提升排班效率與公平性，為實務上急診室人力調度提供具體可行的參考依據。 ;The emergency department (ED) plays a vital role in the healthcare system, serving as the first line of care for patients with urgent and critical conditions. It is not only a crucial medical resource but also an indispensable asset to public health. However, the working environment in the ED is highly demanding. Staff members must endure heavy workloads and rotating three-shift schedules, which place considerable strain on their physical and mental well-being, as well as their family and social lives. This often leads to low retention rates and decreased job satisfaction. Traditional scheduling methods, though based on experience, frequently fail to achieve fair workload distribution, meet individual needs, or comply with regulations, resulting in inefficiencies and inequitable staffing. This study focuses on optimizing nurse scheduling in the emergency department of a hospital in New Taipei City. A mathematical model was developed and solved using the LINGO 12 software package, applying a 0-1 integer programming approach. The goal is to design a fair and reasonable scheduling system that minimizes scheduling time and balances the workload across different work areas. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate how changes in certain constraint parameters might influence scheduling outcomes. Statistical analysis of the data was used to interpret results and formulate staffing recommendations.The findings of this study demonstrate that the proposed model can significantly reduce scheduling time and improve workload balance across work areas, minimizing excessive burdens on individual nurses. By introducing mathematical modeling and a systematic scheduling approach, the study enhances scheduling efficiency and fairness, providing a practical reference for emergency department workforce planning.
