在不同揀貨路徑策略下之訂單批次化問題研究

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题名:	在不同揀貨路徑策略下之訂單批次化問題研究
作者:	楊詠堯;Yang, Yung-Yao
贡献者:	工業管理研究所
关键词:	物流中心;揀貨路徑策略;訂單批次化;Distribution Centre;Order Picking Routing Strategies;Order Batching
日期:	2025-07-21
上传时间:	2025-10-17 11:05:47 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	隨著網路時代的來臨以及科技的迅速發展，電子商務市場蓬勃興起，網購已成為消費者日常生活的重要消費模式，導致電商企業間競爭愈發激烈。研究指出，電子商務的成功因素之一在於提供完善的物流服務，這不僅影響消費者對虛擬通路的滿意度，更直接關係到企業的營運績效。若物流配送效率不佳，導致產品無法及時送達消費者手中，將不利於電商企業的口碑與長遠發展。有效的物流管理不僅能降低營運成本，還能提升顧客服務品質，是企業在競爭激烈且消費需求日益提升的數位時代中維持永續經營的關鍵。在物流中心的各項作業流程中，揀貨作業屬於勞力密集且成本高昂的環節，其作業時間約占整體物流作業時間的 30% 至 40%，而揀貨人工作業成本則占物流中心總成本的 15%至 20%。此外，物流中心揀貨作業對總作業成本的影響更可高達 55%。因此，設計高效率、完善的揀貨作業流程，對於優化物流中心整體運作效率與降低成本具有關鍵的影響。本研究旨在探討物流中心中訂單批次化揀貨的各種方法，並提出了基於四種不同揀貨路徑策略的訂單相似係數，並運用群聚方法進行訂單批次化作業。透過評估揀貨路徑的旅行距離來衡量各種批次化方法的效果，對不同路徑策略下的訂單批次化表現進行比較，並對未來的研究方向提出建議。期望能為實體倉儲中心的揀貨作業提供有價值的參考，將此研究成果應用於實際倉儲環境，進一步提升揀貨作業的效率。 ;With the rapid development of digital technology, e-commerce has flourished and online shopping has become an integral part of consumers’ daily lives, intensifying competition among online retailers. Studies have shown that one of the key determinants of e-commerce success is a well-designed logistics service, which not only shapes consumers’ satisfaction with virtual channels but also directly affects a firm’s operating performance. Inefficient delivery that delays products from reaching customers in time can damage a retailer’s reputation and hinder its longterm growth. Effective logistics management therefore plays a critical role in reducing operating costs and enhancing customer service quality, enabling enterprises to remain competitive in an era of rising consumer expectations. Among the various operations in a distribution center, order picking is labor-intensive and costly: it accounts for roughly 30 %–40 % of total processing time, 15 %–20 % of labor cost, and may influence up to 55 % of overall operating expenses. Designing an efficient picking process is thus essential for optimizing warehouse performance and cost control. This study investigates several order-batching methods for warehouse order picking. Four picking-route strategies are considered, and for each strategy we develop a dedicated ordersimilarity coefficient; orders are then clustered into batches by using single-linkage algorithm. The effectiveness of each batching method is evaluated by measuring total travel distance, and comparative analyses are conducted across the four routing strategies. Finally, directions for future research are proposed. The findings are expected to provide practical guidance for physical warehouses and help further improve the efficiency of order-picking operations in realworld settings.
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