礫石型土石流集水區之流路變遷及地貌特性分析;Analysis of Channel Avulsions and Geomorphic Characteristics of the Gravelly Debris-Flow Watershed

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Title:	礫石型土石流集水區之流路變遷及地貌特性分析;Analysis of Channel Avulsions and Geomorphic Characteristics of the Gravelly Debris-Flow Watershed
Authors:	范維倢;Fan, Wei-Chieh
Contributors:	土木工程學系
Keywords:	火炎山;土石流;陣流特性;側積堤;河道坡度;Huoyanshan;debris flows;surges;lateral levees;channel gradient
Date:	2025-07-30
Issue Date:	2025-10-17 11:09:41 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	本研究於苗栗縣三義鄉火炎山一號坑建置現地影像監測系統，針對礫石型土石流進行長期觀測與分析。透過影像紀錄解析土石流運動特性分析，包括流動歷程、地貌變化、龍頭平均流速及陣流特性。經由無人機空拍影像建立地形模型，本研究進行土石流事件後之地貌變遷分析，涵蓋地形變化、流動路徑與距離、不動點判釋、沖刷與淤積量估算、斷面變化及深槽與側積堤之坡度與高程特性。研究彙整2016年至2024年間各事件降雨資料，結果顯示有效累積降雨強度(含前期降雨)與土石流最大流動距離呈高度正相關。歷次事件中，土石流運動受河道坡度控制，低坡度區段為主要堆積區，不僅改變地貌，更成為後續事件潛在輸砂來源。側積堤多於此區段反覆形成、發展與破壞，其發育對主流路控制與流路穩定性具關鍵影響。部分側積堤於事件中遭掏刷或破壞，顯示其於動態環境下的不穩定性，亦可能成為次一場事件之潛在料源。;In this study, the debris-flow monitoring system was established at the Gully 1 in Huoyan Mountain, San Yi Township, Miaoli County, to analysis of gravel-type debris flows. Through the recorded on-site imagery, various debris flow dynamic characteristics were analyzed, including flow progression, geomorphic changes, average velocity of the surging fronts. In addition, aerial photographs captured by UAVs were used to create site-specific models for geomorphological analysis. These included assessments of topographic changes, runout paths and distances, cross-sectional variation, as well as slope and elevation analyses of incised channels and levees. Through the analysis of rainfall data of various debris-flow events during 2016 and 2024. A correlation between effective cumulative rainfall intensity (including the pre-event rainfall) and the runout distance of debris flows is found in this study. The movement of gravelly debris flows observed in past events was largely governed by the riverbed gradient. Low-gradient reaches served as primary deposition zones where material accumulation not only altered local geomorphology but also provided potential sediment sources for subsequent events. Levees frequently formed, developed, and were destroyed repeatedly in these areas. The formation of levees played a crucial role in directing main flow paths and maintaining the stability of subsequent flow routes.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of Civil Engineering] Electronic Thesis & Dissertation

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