| 摘要: | 溫拌瀝青混凝土 (Warm Mix Asphalt, WMA)可降低生產溫度、減少溫室氣體(Greenhouse
Gas, GHG) 排放與節省能源，已成為鋪面工程中日益受到重視的技術。為提升WMA 整
體性能，本研究探討多種溫拌瀝青化學添加劑 (Warm Mix Asphalt Chemical Additives,
WMACA) 與臺灣南投與花蓮具代表性骨材的組合，來探討對WMA混合料性能與耐久
性的影響，並其進行環境效益與成本分析。本研究可分為兩階段，首先評估添加不同
劑量 WMACA 對瀝青膠泥在未老化與老化狀態下的基本性質、黏彈性與化學試驗
SARA 之影響；接著針對WMA混合料進行間接拉伸強度(ITS)、拉伸強度比 (TSR)、磨
耗試驗、CT-index與漢堡輪跡試驗等性能測試。結果顯示，部分 WMACA 添加劑能顯
著提升瀝青膠泥之剛性，並降低老化過程中的氧化效應之影響，惟添加劑劑量與性能
提升不呈線性正相關。在配合設計方面，本研究依據性能優勢，選定
WMACA
A(0.25%)、B(0.5%)、C(0.05%)、D(0.25%) 與 E(0.85%)作為第二階段混合料測試對象。
化學添加劑種類與骨材來源對WMA混合料的表現均具有顯著影響。其中，南投與花蓮
骨材皆符合標準規範，但因南投骨材因含有活性礦物，搭配 WMACA C 表現最佳；花
蓮骨材則可能需透過調整級配或使用添加劑與填縫料以提升性能。於成本與環境效益
評估方面，於南投或花蓮使用 WMA皆均較HMA 節省 22% 能源，且生產成本較 HMA
為低；GHG 排放方面 WMA 與 HMA 間具顯著差異，但受骨材來源之影響有限。整體
而言，WMACA展現良好應用潛力且適合應用於臺灣，南投與花蓮之骨材皆能穩定提
升 WMA 性能。透過適當配合設計與材料選用，WMA技術可進一步推動本土化、高性
能且永續之鋪面技術發展。;Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) has become an increasingly appealing solution in pavement
engineering due to its ability to lower production temperatures, reduce emissions, and conserve
energy. To optimize WMA performance, it is essential to understand how chemical additives
affect aging and how different aggregate sources impact mechanical behavior and durability.
This study examines the impact of various Warm Mix Asphalt Chemical Additives (WMACA)
on the performance and durability of WMA mixtures using aggregates from two geological
regions in Taiwan: Nantou and Hualien. The study consisted of two phases: evaluating binders
at varying dosages and testing the performance of the resulting mixtures. Additionally, an
environmental and cost assessment was conducted to estimate potential reductions in
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The asphalt binder evaluation included basic properties,
viscoelastic behavior, and chemical tests performed in unaged and aged conditions. The mixture
phase focused on key performance indicators using tests such as Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS),
Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR), Cantabro Loss, CT index, and Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test
(HWTT). The results show that some WMACA improve binder stiffness. The viscoelastic tests
indicate that the dosage level does not have a positive linear correlation. Chemical analysis
using SARA reveals that aging alters the asphalt′s composition, and WMACA additives help
mitigate the oxidative effects. The selected WMACA dosages for the second phase of asphalt
mixture testing were A (0.25%), B (0.5%), C (0.05%), D (0.25%), and E (0.85%), based on
performance benefits. Both the type of chemical additive and the source of aggregates
significantly affected the behavior of WMA mixtures. Although both Nantou and Hualien
aggregates met standard specifications, mixtures using Nantou aggregates with active minerals
and WMACA C showed better performance. Hualien aggregates, however, indicated a need for
adjustments in gradation, additives, or fillers. WMA consistently used about 22% less energy
than HMA in both locations and demonstrated lower production costs. The GHG emissions
differences between HMA and WMA were minor and mainly related to the source material.
The findings confirm that WMACA additives are suitable for use in Taiwan, providing
consistent improvements in WMA performance with both Nantou and Hualien aggregates.
Although minor variations exist, further enhancements can be achieved through adjustments to
gradation or the addition of extra additives. This research provides a solid foundation for
ongoing development and supports wider adoption of sustainable, performance-oriented WMA
technologies tailored to local materials. |
