應用兩階段厭氧共發酵與電發酵技術轉換菇包木屑產甲烷之研究;Application of two-stage anaerobic co-digestion and electro-fermentation technology for methane production from spent mushroom substrate

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Title:	應用兩階段厭氧共發酵與電發酵技術轉換菇包木屑產甲烷之研究;Application of two-stage anaerobic co-digestion and electro-fermentation technology for methane production from spent mushroom substrate
Authors:	何俐潔;Ho, Li-Chieh
Contributors:	化學工程與材料工程學系
Keywords:	菇包木屑;雞屎;生質能源;電發酵;兩階段厭氧發酵;乾式厭氧發酵;Spent mushroom substrate;Chicken manure;Bioenergy;Electro-fermentation;Two-stage anaerobic fermentation;Dry anaerobic fermentation
Date:	2025-07-17
Issue Date:	2025-10-17 11:17:37 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	目前全球能源短缺的問題日益嚴峻，對能源的需求逐漸增加，廢棄物再生利用與生質能開發成為重要議題。生質能來源廣泛，相較於化石燃料能有效降低碳排放並促進資源循環。台灣菇類產業規模龐大，生產後的廢棄太空包在傳統上多採用焚燒或填埋方式處理，不僅處理成本高也導致嚴重的環境污染。菇包木屑中富含木質纖維素，適合作為厭氧發酵的基質，透過微生物作用，菇包木屑中的有機質可被分解並轉化為甲烷等再生能源，達到廢棄物的有效利用與能源再生，促進永續發展與循環經濟。厭氧發酵涉及多種微生物群，其適宜的生長條件不同，因此可採用兩階段系統分別優化水解酸化與產甲烷階段。相較於單一階段發酵，兩階段系統能提升微生物代謝效率與甲烷產率。本研究為進一步提升甲烷產率，在第二階段導入電發酵技術，以電極提供電子，增強產甲烷菌的電子傳遞效率，進而促進甲烷生成。本研究比較了單階段與兩階段電發酵，結果顯示，兩階段電發酵能有效提升沼氣產量，在最佳條件下沼氣總產量達 494.5 mL，其中甲烷產量 338.5 mL。為進一步優化兩階段電發酵，本研究探討了不同電極材料（碳棒與碳氈）及電壓條件對產氣效率的影響。電極種類與電壓設定會影響電子傳遞效率與產甲烷菌活性，進而影響甲烷產率。結果顯示，碳氈於 1.2V 時產氣效果最佳，沼氣總產量達 684.0 mL，其中甲烷產量為 530.2 mL，相較沒有電發酵之對照組（283.4 mL）甲烷產量高出246.8mL，增幅達到了 86.9%。基於此結果，進一步研究碳氈電極的面積對產氣效率的影響，結果顯示當碳氈尺寸為 6×6 cm2 時，甲烷產率達最佳水平。此研究證明適當調整電極材質、電壓及電極面積可顯著提升甲烷產率，為電發酵技術應用於生質能開發提供更具應用價值的技術方向。 ;As the global energy shortage becomes more acute and the demand for energy increases, recycling of waste and development of biomass energy have become important issues. Biomass energy comes from a wide range of sources, and compared to fossil fuels, it can effectively reduce carbon emissions and promote resource recycling. Taiwan′s mushroom industry is a large-scale one, and the waste of mushroom bags is traditionally treated by incineration or landfill, which is not only costly but also leads to serious environmental pollution. Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is rich in lignocellulose, which is suitable for anaerobic fermentation. Through the action of microorganisms, the organic matter in the spent mushroom substrate can be decomposed and converted into renewable energy sources, such as methane, so as to achieve the effective use of waste and energy regeneration, and to promote the sustainable development of the recycling economy. Anaerobic fermentation involves a variety of microorganisms with different growth conditions, so a two-stage system can be used to optimize the hydrolysis and acidification stages and the methane production stage respectively. Compared with single-stage fermentation, a two-stage system can improve the metabolic efficiency and methane production rate. In this study, in order to further increase the methane production rate, the two-stage of electro-fermentation was introduced to provide electrons from electrodes to enhance the electron transfer efficiency of the methanogenic bacteria, which in turn facilitates the methane production. The results of this study, comparing single-stage and two-stage electro-fermentation, showed that the two-stage electro-fermentation could effectively increase the biogas production, and the total biogas production reached 494.5 mL, of which 338.5 mL of methane was produced under the optimal conditions. In order to further optimize the two-stage electro-fermentation, the effect of different electrode materials (carbon rods and carbon felts) and voltage conditions on the gas production efficiency was discussed in this study. The type of electrode and voltage setting affected the electron transfer efficiency and the activity of methanogenic bacteria, which in turn affected the methane production rate. The results showed that the carbon felt produced the best gas at 1.2V, and the total biogas production reached 684 mL, of which the methane production was 530.2 mL, which was 246.8 mL higher than that of the control group (283.4 mL) without electro-fermentation, representing an increase of 86.9%. Based on this result, the effect of the area of carbon felt electrode on the gas production efficiency was further discussed, and the results showed that the optimal methane production rate was achieved when the size of the carbon felt was 6×6 cm2. This study proves that appropriate adjustment of electrode material, voltage and electrode area can significantly increase the methane production rate, which provides a more valuable direction for the application of electro-fermentation technology in biomass energy development.
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