| 摘要: | 隨著自動駕駛（ADAS）、無人機、智慧交通與三維地形建模等應用迅速發展，光達（LiDAR, Light Detection and Ranging）技術成為實現高精度空間感測與物體辨識的重要工具。LiDAR系統透過發射與接收光束，並量測反射時間以推算目標距離與位置，具備高解析度與非接觸式量測的特性。
而由於成本考量以及開發成熟性，現階段商用 LiDAR的系統以 905 nm 波段為主，但其在安全性與抗干擾性等方面逐漸展現出瓶頸。相較之下，1550 nm 波段具有更高的人眼安全值、更強的抗干擾能力與大氣穿透性，此優勢成為未來高性能 LiDAR 系統的發展重點。提起1550nm LiDAR技術，大家的第一反應是，跟905nm相比，1550nm最明顯的優勢是可在確保人眼安全的前提下以更高的發光功率工作，因而可實現更長的探測距離，1550nm更成為高性能感測系統重點波段。
然而，為了降低背景雜光干擾並提升系統訊噪比（SNR），設計一組高效能的窄帶通濾光片成為關鍵技術。本研究針對1550nm波段光學濾光膜設計，探討以氫化鍺（Ge:H）與氫化矽（Si:H）作為高折射率材料的應用，並與傳統材料（如TiO₂、Ta₂O₅）比較。
本論文以廣角度（0–30°）、偏振平均條件為設計基礎，模擬並分析兩種材料的光學表現，並比較其優劣差異。
;With the rapid development of applications such as autonomous driving, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), intelligent transportation systems, and 3D terrain modeling, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology has emerged as a critical tool for achieving high-precision spatial sensing and object recognition. LiDAR systems operate by emitting and receiving light beams, and determining the distance and position of targets through time-of-flight measurements. These systems are characterized by high resolution and non-contact measurement capabilities.
Due to considerations of cost and technological maturity, most current commercial LiDAR systems operate at the 905 nm wavelength. However, limitations in eye safety and interference resistance have gradually become apparent at this wavelength. In contrast, the 1550 nm wavelength offers several advantages, including a higher permissible exposure limit for human eye safety, stronger resistance to interference, and better atmospheric transmittance, making it a promising candidate for the next generation of high-performance LiDAR systems. Among the most notable advantages of 1550 nm LiDAR technology is its ability to operate at higher emission powers while ensuring eye safety, thus enabling longer detection ranges. As a result, 1550 nm has become a key wavelength for advanced sensing systems. Nevertheless, LiDAR systems operating at 1550 nm also face challenges such as background light interference and insufficient optical filtering efficiency at the receiver end.
In near-infrared optical applications, the 1550 nm band is gradually being adopted in fields such as fiber-optic communications, LiDAR, and automotive sensing systems. This study aims to design a high-performance narrowband optical filter for the 1550 nm wavelength and compares the optical properties and design advantages of two commonly used high-refractive-index materials: hydrogenated silicon (Si:H) and hydrogenated germanium (Ge:H). The goal is to achieve optimal optical performance at 1550 nm to meet the stringent requ
irements of automotive applications. |
