| 摘要: | 自1987年台灣解除戒嚴以來，台灣婦女運動孕育了多項重要社會改革，例如《性別平等教育法》、《家庭暴力防治法》及《性騷擾防治法》，並積極促進性別平等理念融入各級政府體系。這些改革成果，很大程度上有賴於1980至2000年代間，活躍於婦女運動場域中的行動者及團體所採取的獨特運動策略。本論文透過分析婦運團體和成員採取的運動策略，旨在回應以下問題意識：「如果台灣社會普遍支持性別平等與提升婦女地位的願景，為何公民社會中卻鮮少出現以女性議題為主的街頭遊行動員模式？」基於此提問，本文以法國學者 Laure Bereni 所提出的「婦女運動場域」（l’espace de la cause des femmes）為研究框架，深入探討婦女運動場域的運作模式。為此，我將聚焦於1980年代至2010年代期間，婦女運動場域內行動者（les actrices）所採取的運動策略，並以場域中的四個主要極點（pôles）：文化極點（le pôle culturel）、學術極點（le pôle académique）、政黨與國家極點（le pôle partisan et étatique）、以及民間社團與社會運動極點（le pôle autonome/associatif）作為討論對象，探討台灣婦女運動場域的運作邏輯與內部動態。
第一章將透過文獻與台灣婦女運動史研究的梳理，結合「婦女運動場域」概念，對台灣婦女運動場域進行初步描繪，並著重分析文化極點與學術極點在場域中的功能與角色。第二章則以訪談資料為基礎，分析民間社團與社會運動極點中的婦女團體及婦女新知基金會成員，在1980至1990年代推動女性議題時所運用的運動策略。同時，本章也將探討行動者如何於同一時期整合政黨與國家極點的資源與策略，使女性議題、性別議題得以進一步被納入國家政策體系。第三章，即本論文的最後一章，將回應開篇所提出的核心問題。首先，我將檢視台灣婦女運動場域內聚合機制（les mécanismes de convergence）的運作情況，進而探討民間社會中缺乏以女性議題為主的街頭動員現象之結構性原因。
;Since the lifting of martial law in Taiwan in 1987, the women’s movement in Taiwan has birthed a number of important social reforms, such as the Gender Equality Education Act, the Domestic Violence Prevention Act, and the Sexual Harassment Prevention Act, and has actively promoted the integration of the concept of gender equality into all levels of government Agencies. The results of these reforms are largely attributed to the unique campaign strategies adopted by individuals and organizations in the women’s movement during the 1980s and 1990s. By analyzing the campaign strategies adopted by women’s movement groups and members, this paper aims to respond to the following question: “If Taiwan’s society is generally supportive of the vision of gender equality and the advancement of women, why is it that the mobilization pattern of street rallies focusing on women’s issues is seldom seen in the civil society?” Based on this question, this paper uses the “ the women′s cause field” (l’espace de la cause des femmes) proposed by French scholar Laure Bereni as a research framework to explore the mode of operation of the women’s movement field. To this end, I will focus on the movement strategies adopted by “the actors” (les actrices) in the field between the 1980s and the 2010s, and use the four main pôles of the field as a basis for my study. The four main pôles in the field - the cultural pole (le pôle culturel), the academic pole (le pôle académique), the political party and state pole (le pôle partisan et étatique), and autonomous pole (le pôle autonome/associatif ), are used for the discussion of the logic of operation and internal dynamics of the women’s cause field in Taiwan.
The first chapter will make a preliminary description of the Taiwan women’s cause field through the review of literature and research on the history of the Taiwan women′s movement, and focus on analyzing the functions and roles of cultural pole and academic pole in the field. The second chapter, drawing on interview data, examines the campaign strategies employed by women’s groups and members of the Awakening Foundation to advance women’s issues within civil society and social movements during the 1980s and 1990s. It also explores how these actors leveraged the resources and strategies of political parties and the state to further incorporate women’s issues into the national policy agenda during the same period. Chapter 3, the final chapter of this dissertation, will respond to the central question posed at the beginning. First, I will examine the operation of the mechanisms of convergence (les mécanismes de convergence) within the women’s cause field in Taiwan, and then explore the structural reasons for the lack of women’s issues-oriented street mobilization in civil society. |
