《虛無社》與《生之祝禱》：沙特與貝納塔視角下的生命選擇;Les choix de vie dans Club Néant et Sei wo iwau : perspectives de Sartre et de Benatar

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Title:	《虛無社》與《生之祝禱》：沙特與貝納塔視角下的生命選擇;Les choix de vie dans Club Néant et Sei wo iwau : perspectives de Sartre et de Benatar
Authors:	陳昶宇;Chen, Chang-Yu
Contributors:	法國語文學系
Keywords:	自由;自殺;存在主義;反出生主義;《虛無社》;《生之祝禱》;Freedom;Suicide;Existentialism;Antinatalism;Club Néant;Sei wo iwau
Date:	2025-07-17
Issue Date:	2025-10-17 11:51:24 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	生命的核心在於「生」與「死」，這不僅關乎個體的存在，也攸關其利益。在這個存在的意義愈顯模糊的時代，我們應該思考「生命是否值得繼續？甚至值得開始？」等關乎存在的命題，從而做出更加明智的生命選擇。本文主要透過兩位在其哲學主題上具有顯著影響力的哲學家—尚－保羅・沙特（Jean-Paul Sartre）的存在主義與大衛・貝納塔（David Benatar）的反出生主義—探討自創短篇小說《虛無社》（Club Néant）與李琴峰的小說《生之祝禱》（『生を祝う』，Sei wo iwau）等兩部作品中刻劃的生命選擇，並分析敘事如何呈現生命的荒謬與痛苦，以及自殺與出生作為生命選擇的倫理意涵。論文第一章主要討論在兩部作品中生命選擇的背景與實踐上的選項。在背景的部分，本章將關注《虛無社》中反映的荒謬感與《生之祝禱》的各種不符合生者利益的生存條件。在其實踐的層面上，本章將分析自殺與「回歸虛無」以及與「反對出生」之關聯的問題。第二章藉助沙特的存在主義圍繞自殺作為生命選擇的議題展開討論，首先介紹沙特在存在主義哲學中建構之自由作為存在本質的概念，並且分析該概念對於敘事中相關人物的契合性。接著，本章將進一步探討敘事中的自殺作為自由的體現以及倫理層面的見解。第三章關注反對出生的各方意見，並透過針對生命與幸福的論述引出貝納塔的反出生主義理論。接著，本章將聚焦作品中反出生傾向的再現，並結合貝納塔的論述審視《生之祝禱》中的「出生合意制度」，討論敘事裡的胎兒是否具有做出生命選擇之自主性的個體利益，並分析該制度是否能夠解決反出生主義提出的倫理困境。;This study examines the theme of life choices in the narrative works Club Néant and Sei wo iwau through the philosophical perspectives of Jean-Paul Sartre and David Benatar. By analyzing the moral implications embedded in these narratives, this research seeks to illuminate their existential significance and provide readers with a deeper understanding of their philosophical and ethical dimensions. The short story, Club Néant, which I wrote in 2024, follows a high school student and his classmates in a club named “Club Néant,” where they discuss topics around life and death. The narrator experiences discomfort when he discovers his classmate’s weaknesses and when his clubmate dies. Li Kotomi’s (李琴峰) novel, Sei wo iwau (生之祝禱 in Chinese, or 生を祝う in Japanese) (2021), on the other hand, illustrates a story in a futuristic society where fetuses decide whether or not to be born. The female narrator, who is expecting a child, faces an unexpected dilemma of giving birth to her fetus while the latter refuses to be born. The choices of life discussed in the story can mainly be separated into two parts : the choice of continuing a life and the choice of beginning a life. The choice of continuing a life relates to the question of ending a life while taking suicide, while the choice of beginning a life refer to the question of coming into life under a supposition in which an individual can take decisions before life. The study concludes three chapters. Chapter One primarily discusses the background and practical options regarding life choices in the two works. In terms of background, this thesis will focus on the sense of absurdity reflected in the nihilist society and the various survival conditions in Sei wo iwau that do not align with the interests of the living. On a practical level, this study will analyze the issues related to suicide, "returning to nothingness," and their connection to the concept of antinatalism. Chapter Two explores suicide as a life choice through the lens of Sartre. It first introduces Sartre’s existentialist notions of freedom as the essence of existence and examines whether this concept applies to the relevant characters in the narratives. The discussion will then delve deeper into suicide as an expression of freedom and the ethical perspectives surrounding it.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of French Language and Literature] Electronic Thesis & Dissertation

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