隨著近眼顯示器（Near-Eye Display, NED）技術的快速發展，越來越多企業投入相關產品的研發與市場布局，其中以蘋果公司於2024年12月推出的 Apple Vision Pro 最為矚目，標誌著近眼顯示器技術邁入新里程碑。視角（Field of View, FOV）作為近眼顯示器的重要性能指標之一，對使用者的沉浸感與體驗有著決定性的影響。 本研究提出以球面波前紀錄體積全像片以實現視角放大的方法，其一，延續吳尉齊學長之研究[24]，結合了空間光調制器（Spatial Light Modulator, SLM）輸出的透鏡陣列（Lens Array），進一步提升顯示器的視角與眼盒（Eye-box）範圍。其二，亦為本論文之主要的研究方向，採用角度多工（Angular Multiplexing）技術，實現視角延伸與放大的效果。本文的重點在於我們會比較多工技術和透鏡陣列的觀測範圍，而我們觀察到使用多工技術所延伸的觀察範圍比以擴增eye-box為主的透鏡陣列範圍還要大。 在近眼顯示器中，光導系統（Light Guide System）主要負責影像的傳遞。基於透鏡成像原理，本文於玻璃基材上設計一組具備視角放大功能的體積全像透鏡系統。透過改變紀錄干涉條紋時的球面波前的焦距，得以調控視角放大倍率，並利用相同的干涉條件。此論文使用兩種結構:一為以等間距方式將透鏡元素紀錄於SLM上，製作出體積全像透鏡陣列；另一為利用角度多工技術，於同一紀錄區域利用不同角度紀錄兩個干涉條紋，且此干涉條紋是以拍攝透鏡組的方式記錄，形成體積全像透鏡組多工技術，用以達成FOV範圍的提升。 相較於傳統採用矽晶圓製作的光導元件，本文以體積全像片製成的玻璃光導系統具備體積小、重量輕與成本低廉等優勢，有助於提升近眼顯示器。 ;With the rapid advancement of Near-Eye Display (NED) technology, increasing numbers of companies are actively developing related products and entering the market. Among them, Apple’s launch of the Apple Vision Pro in December 2024 has become a major milestone, pushing the boundaries of immersive display systems. The field of view (FOV)—a key performance metric in NEDs—has a critical impact on user immersion and visual experience. This study proposes a method for FOV expansion by recording volume holograms using spherical wavefronts.Building upon the work of senior researcher Wei-Chi Wu [24], we first incorporate a lens array generated by a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) to improve both the FOV and eye-box of the system.The main focus of this study, however, lies in the implementation of angular multiplexing techniques, which allow for both FOV extension and angular magnification.A comparative analysis between the angular multiplexed lens set and the conventional SLM-based lens array reveals that angular multiplexing provides a significantly wider observable range, surpassing the eye-box-limited coverage of lens arrays. In near-eye displays, the light guide system is responsible for image delivery. This study designs a volume holographic lens system on a glass substrate to achieve angular magnification. By adjusting the focal length of spherical wavefronts during recording—under fixed interference conditions—the magnification factor can be controlled.Two configurations are developed:(1) a uniform holographic lens array recorded via an SLM, and(2) a multiplexed lens system formed by recording two interference patterns at different angles using lens imaging. Compared to silicon-based components, the glass holographic light guide offers reduced size, lower weight, and cost advantages for near-eye displays.
