| 摘要: | 語言是人類溝通情感的工具，而情緒語詞則是語言中表達情感的核心元素。本研究旨在深入探討客家語中表達喜樂與哀苦情緒的語詞，通過系統分析，了解客家語的情感表達特徵及其文化背景。研究依據《台灣客家語常用詞辭典》等資料，收集和分析情緒語詞，並將其分類為重疊形式、具象形容、抽象描繪和形象描繪四大類，並透過語料蒐集、文獻分析和田野調查等方法，深入探討這些語詞的語言特性和文化內涵。
研究結果顯示：
1.
情緒語詞的分類與特徵：客家語的情緒語詞在結構上具有獨特性，重疊形式、具象形容、抽象描繪和形象描繪各具特色，展現出豐富多樣的情感層次。
2.
重疊結構的語言特性：重疊結構常用於表達強烈情感，增強語言的表達力和音韻美感，特別是在表達喜樂或哀苦情緒時，具有顯著效果。
3.
具象形容的修辭手法：通過面部、聲音和肢體動作的具象描述，情緒語詞能生動地描繪情感，增強語言的視覺與聽覺效果。
4.
抽象描繪與象徵意義：特別是哀苦情緒語詞，常以抽象方式描述內心狀態，表達深層情感，增強語言的含蓄與深邃感。
5.
形象描繪的文化反映：客家語中的喜樂與哀苦情緒語詞，通過具象與形象的描繪，反映了客家文化中對生活、苦難和喜悅的獨特理解及價值觀。
本研究不僅豐富了語言學與文化學的研究視野，也提供了理解客家情感表達方式的新角度，對深入探討客家文化中的情緒表達具有重要意義。
關;Language is a crucial tool for human communication and emotional expression, with emotion words being the core elements that convey feelings in language. This study aims to explore the emotion words used in the Hakka language to express joy and sorrow, providing a systematic analysis to understand the emotional expression features of Hakka and its cultural background. The research draws on various resources, including the Taiwan Hakka Dictionary, to collect and analyze emotion words. These words are categorized into four main types: reduplicated forms, concrete descriptions, abstract depictions, and symbolic imagery. Through corpus collection, literature analysis, and field research, the study delves into the linguistic characteristics and cultural connotations of these emotion words.
The findings are as follows:
1.
Classification and Features of Emotion Words: Hakka emotion words exhibit unique structures, with reduplicated forms, concrete descriptions, abstract depictions, and symbolic imagery showing rich emotional layers and diversity.
2.
Linguistic Features of Reduplicated Structures: Reduplicated forms are often used to express intense emotions, enhancing the expressive power and phonetic beauty of the language, particularly in conveying joy or sorrow.
3.
Rhetorical Techniques of Concrete Descriptions: Concrete descriptions involving facial expressions, sounds, and body movements vividly depict emotions, enhancing the visual and auditory effects of the language.
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4.
Abstract Depictions and Symbolic Meanings: Sorrow-related emotion words tend to abstractly describe inner states or feelings, adding subtlety and depth to the language, effectively expressing profound emotions.
5.
Cultural Reflection through Symbolic Imagery: The use of symbolic imagery in expressing joy and sorrow reflects the Hakka people′s unique understanding and values regarding life, suffering, and joy.
This study enriches the research perspectives in linguistics and cultural studies, offering a new angle for understanding Hakka emotional expressions and contributing to a deeper exploration of emotion in Hakka culture. |
