缺工情境下少量多樣生產的自動化導入 關鍵成功因素：以G公司為例

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题名:	缺工情境下少量多樣生產的自動化導入關鍵成功因素：以G公司為例
作者:	徐培堯;HSU, PEI-YAO
贡献者:	高階主管企管碩士班
关键词:	缺工情境;自動化導入;少量多樣生產;關鍵成功因素;Labor shortage scenarios;Automation adoption;Low-volume high-mix production;Critical success factors
日期:	2025-05-14
上传时间:	2025-10-17 12:09:31 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	隨著全球市場需求趨於多元化與快速變動，製造業正面臨嚴峻的挑戰。台灣作為全球供應鏈的重要一環，受到人口結構老化與少子化趨勢的影響，勞動力供應持續下降，特別是在基層技術工人與勞力密集型產業，這種人力短缺不僅影響生產效能，也對產品品質與交期造成壓力。在此背景下，自動化技術被視為解決缺工問題的重要策略，能夠減少對人力的依賴、提升生產效率、降低錯誤率，並維持企業在市場上的競爭力。然而，當前市場趨勢強調少量多樣生產，要求自動化系統具備高度彈性與快速切換能力，使得企業在導入自動化時面臨更複雜的挑戰。本研究聚焦於缺工情境下少量多樣生產的自動化導入關鍵成功因素，透過文獻探討與專家訪談，歸納出影響企業導入自動化的三大構面：內部組織構面、外部環境構面、技術與流程構面，並進一步整理出九項關鍵成功因素。研究結果顯示，內部組織構面的管理層支持與目標明確與持續優化是推動自動化的核心，而企業在規劃導入時，亦需考量外部市場需求、供應鏈穩定性與政策法規支持，以確保導入的可行性。此外，技術準備度、系統整合能力與企業流程再造則是確保技術落地並發揮最大效益的關鍵。本研究結果可為企業提供實務導向的參考模型，幫助決策者評估自動化導入的影響因素，並制定適當的策略，以提升導入成功率，降低轉型風險。在少量多樣生產模式下，企業若能同步強化管理層支持、優化內部流程並確保技術彈性，將能夠有效應對缺工挑戰，並在市場變動中維持競爭優勢。;As global market demands become increasingly diverse and rapidly changing, the manufacturing industry is facing severe challenges. Taiwan, as an integral part of the global supply chain, is significantly affected by demographic trends such as aging populations and declining birth rates, leading to a continuous decrease in labor supply. This labor shortage, particularly evident among frontline technical workers and labor-intensive industries, negatively impacts production efficiency, product quality, and delivery timelines. Against this backdrop, automation technology is viewed as a critical strategy to address labor shortages, reducing reliance on human labor, improving production efficiency, minimizing error rates, and maintaining competitive advantage. However, current market trends emphasizing low-volume, high-mix production require automation systems to possess high flexibility and rapid changeover capabilities, thus presenting enterprises with increasingly complex challenges when implementing automation. This research focuses on the critical success factors for automation adoption in labor shortage scenarios, specifically targeting low-volume, high-mix production environments. Through literature review and expert interviews, three key dimensions affecting automation adoption have been identified: internal organizational factors, external environmental factors, and technology and process factors. Furthermore, nine critical success factors have been outlined. Research findings indicate that within internal organizational factors, management support, clear goals, and continuous optimization are central to successfully driving automation initiatives. Additionally, enterprises must consider external market demand, supply chain stability, and policy and regulatory support to ensure the feasibility of automation implementation. Moreover, technology readiness, system integration capability, and business process reengineering are critical for effectively deploying technology and achieving maximum benefits. The results of this study provide enterprises with a practical, reference-oriented model, helping decision-makers assess the influencing factors of automation adoption and formulate appropriate strategies. This can enhance the success rate of automation implementation and reduce transformation risks. Under a low-volume, high-mix production model, enterprises that simultaneously strengthen management support, optimize internal processes, and ensure technological flexibility will effectively address labor shortages and maintain competitive advantage amid market volatility.
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