台灣合成樹脂產業研究

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题名:	台灣合成樹脂產業研究
作者:	鄭宇傑;CHEIH, CHENG YU
贡献者:	高階主管企管碩士班
关键词:	合成樹脂產業;結構行為績效分析;規模經濟;技術升級;供應鏈管理;永續經營;synthetic resin industry;structure-conduct-performance analysis;economies of scale;technological upgrading;supply chain management;sustainable operation
日期:	2025-06-18
上传时间:	2025-10-17 12:15:57 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	本論文運用產業經濟學領域之「結構—行為—績效 (Structure-Conduct-Performance, S-C-P)」分析架構，系統性分析合成樹脂產業之基本條件、市場結構及政策因素對產業發展之影響。在基本條件層面，原油與石化原料價格波動影響生產成本及供貨穩定性，促使企業靈活調整採購與生產策略，以控管成本與優化產品組合，產業規模經濟特性使市場集中度上升，但亦伴隨產能過剩與財務風險。在技術門檻方面，高分子化學技術與國際法規要求提高市場進入障礙，另外產業的人力供給面臨招募困難，未來須透過產業形象升級、產學合作及數位轉型吸引人才。需求面則因環保趨勢，包裝材料及塑膠用品應用逐步遭替代，而在高端電子、航太應用中則仍具剛性需求。終端市場方面，AI推動電子樹脂需求成長，傳統樹脂則面臨新材料取代與低價競爭壓力。整體而言，產業須因應市場變化，推動高值化轉型與永續發展策略，以強化競爭優勢。在政府政策層面，政府透過資本投入誘因及產業政策，降低企業進入門檻，提升國際競爭力；同時，環境法規如REACH、RoHS、CBAM的要求，促使業者強化製程環保與安全標準，並提升產業集中度與既有廠商優勢。面對美中貿易衝突帶動的供應鏈重組，台灣合成樹脂企業加速海外布局，若能積極爭取加入自由貿易協定(FTA)，可進一步促進出口成長與產業融合。整體而言，產業須嚴格遵循國際環保法規，藉由政府政策支持推動技術升級與產品高值化發展，並深化與地方政府、研究機構之合作，善用在地資源與政策紅利。同時，企業應將ESG理念融入經營核心，強化環境保護、社會參與與公司治理，以提升全球市場競爭力並確保永續發展。從市場結構觀點探討，台灣合成樹脂產業特性屬於低寡占型市場，產業集中度高且競爭激烈，受限於資本、技術、法規與品牌信任等高進入障礙，中小型業者多集中於中低階市場，競爭格局高度分層。產品面向差異化發展，通用型樹脂利潤低，電子與高階應用領域則具較高附加價值。產業亦面臨原物料價格波動、景氣循環、產能過剩、技術依賴及環保法規等多重風險。全球市場變動及中國等新興地區產能擴張，進一步加劇價格競爭壓力。為因應市場結構挑戰，企業須加強技術開發、供應鏈整合與永續經營策略，以提升競爭韌性與確保持續發展。在廠商行為方面，訂價策略結合成本、市場及政策條件，受原油、乙烯價格波動、供需變化及環保法規如碳稅、ESG規範等因素影響。產品研發方面，企業致力於高機能與永續型材料創新，並透過產學合作與技術引進，提升製程效率與產品品質穩定性。隨著終端需求擴大，廠商積極展開設廠投資以擴充產能，強化供應彈性與市場應變能力；同時藉由併購行動整合資源、擴大市占率及加速技術布局，以提升整體競爭優勢。綜合而言，廠商行為呈現多元且積極調整趨勢，顯示在全球市場與政策環境快速變動下，持續推動創新、擴產與永續發展，已成為合成樹脂業者因應挑戰的核心策略。在產業績效方面，長興展現穩健成長與規模優勢，國精透過高值化轉型展現潛力，大立需強化風險管理，永純可聚焦市場定位優化與產品升級。在全球景氣趨緩、需求下滑與法規壓力加劇下，企業若未能及時轉型與調整布局，將面臨ROA、ROE與EPS持續下滑的風險。綜合分析，合成樹脂產業的發展仰賴規模經濟、技術創新與供應鏈管理之相互支撐。台灣業者憑藉研發實力、製造技術與國際認證經驗，在全球市場中扮演重要角色，並持續朝高值化與差異化方向推進。惟資本、技術、法規及品牌信任等高進入障礙，限制新進者進入。企業在訂價策略上須兼顧成本、需求與政策因素，確保合理利潤與競爭力。面對市場與產品技術要求升高，廠商積極投入製程優化與技術升級。同時，設廠投資與併購行動已成為主要成長途徑，透過產能布局與資源整合，擴大市場占有率並強化競爭優勢。整體而言，靈活應變、策略規劃與永續經營將是台灣合成樹脂業者維持國際競爭力的關鍵。 ;This study adopts the Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) framework from industrial economics to analyze the Taiwanese synthetic resin industry in terms of basic conditions, market structure, and policy impact. At the basic level, fluctuations in crude oil and petrochemical prices affect production costs and supply chains, prompting firms to adjust procurement strategies and product portfolios. While economies of scale increase market concentration, they also lead to overcapacity and financial risks. High technological thresholds, international regulations, and talent shortages further raise entry barriers. On the demand side, environmental trends are reducing traditional plastic use, but rigid demand persists in high-end electronics and aerospace, with AI applications boosting demand for electronic resins. On the policy front, government initiatives such as investment incentives and industrial policies have lowered entry barriers and improved global competitiveness. However, stringent environmental regulations (e.g., REACH, RoHS, CBAM) require firms to upgrade environmental standards, strengthening the market position of large players. In response to U.S.-China trade tensions and supply chain shifts, Taiwanese firms are expanding internationally and may benefit from participation in Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). Government support for technological innovation, high-value product development, and ESG integration is essential for enhancing global competitiveness and achieving sustainable development. From a market structure perspective, the industry is a low-level oligopoly with high concentration and intense competition. Entry is limited by capital, technology, regulatory, and brand barriers, leading to a segmented market where SMEs focus on low- to mid-end products. Differentiation strategies are prevalent; general-purpose resins yield low margins, whereas electronic and specialty resins offer higher value. The sector also faces risks from raw material volatility, business cycles, and global overcapacity, particularly from China and emerging economies. Regarding firm behavior, pricing strategies depend on costs, market dynamics, and regulatory factors like carbon taxes and ESG standards. Firms emphasize innovation in high-performance and eco-friendly materials, improve efficiency through industry-academic collaboration, and pursue production expansion via new plants. Mergers and acquisitions serve as key strategies for resource integration, capacity scaling, and market expansion. Manufacturers are actively adapting to global and regulatory shifts by focusing on innovation, expansion, and sustainability. In conclusion, the development of the synthetic resin industry hinges on economies of scale, technological progress, and effective supply chain management. Taiwanese firms, backed by strong R&D, manufacturing capabilities, and international certifications, play a vital global role and are moving toward high-value and differentiated product lines. Nonetheless, high entry barriers hinder new competition. To sustain profitability and competitiveness, companies must balance cost, demand, and policy in pricing, invest in process upgrades, and adopt sustainable business models. Flexibility, strategic foresight, and ESG integration are crucial for maintaining global competitiveness.
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