隨著5G、人工智慧、大數據與雲端運算等科技快速發展，全球對高速傳輸與低延遲的需求日益提升，光通訊技術具備高頻寬與低損耗等優勢，已成為資料中心與電信基礎建設的關鍵。本研究以台灣L科技公司為個案，探討光通訊產業中「先行者」與「追隨者」策略的應用，透過文獻探討建立理論基礎，並結合SWOT與五力分析、次級資料與實證案例，剖析企業如何在快速變動的環境中透過策略選擇與資源整合建立競爭優勢。研究發現，L公司早期憑藉自主研發成功打入中國市場，扮演先行者角色，但隨產業重心轉移與技術變革，其逐漸轉為追隨者，並透過產品客製化、代工模式與策略聯盟穩定營運。結果顯示，在特定條件下追隨者策略亦可展現後發優勢，特別是在成本控管、技術整合與市場應變方面具備高度彈性。本研究建構出一套適用於光通訊產業的策略分析架構，並提出持續創新投資、掌握利基市場與強化供應鏈協同等建議，指出企業應依資源條件與產業動態靈活選擇策略，以提升長期競爭力與永續經營能力。;With the rapid development of technologies such as 5G, artificial intelligence, big data, and cloud computing, global demand for high-speed transmission and low latency has been steadily increasing. Along with its advantages of high bandwidth and low signal loss, optical communication technology has become critical to data centers and telecommunications infrastructure. This study uses the Company L in Taiwan as a case study to explore the application of “first-mover” and “follower” strategies in the optical communication industry. This study adopts the SWOT and Porter’s Five Forces model to analyze how enterprises build competitive advantages through strategic choices and resource integration in a rapidly changing environment. It is found that Company L was initially a first-mover by successfully leveraging in-house R&D to enter the Chinese market. However, the company gradually transitioned into being a follower along with shifting focus and evolving technology of the industry. It maintained its stable operations through product customization, an OEM (original equipment manufacturing) model, and strategic alliances. The results indicate that under certain conditions, a follower strategy can also demonstrate a late-mover advantage, especially in terms of cost control, technological integration, and market responsiveness. This study proposes a strategic analysis framework tailored to the optical communication industry and offers recommendations including continued investment in innovation, targeting niche markets, and strengthening supply chain collaboration. Drawn on the results, managerial implications and suggestions for future research are thus discussed.
