本研究探討了在心血管疾病族群中，其自主神經系統功能、慢性發炎和血管硬化之間的關係，並評估了以穿戴式隨身裝置上的應用程式所引導的呼吸訓練模式作為輔助治療的有效性。透過四個實驗項目，我們納入了130名慢性心血管疾病病人族群和34名健康對照者，使用穿戴式心電圖裝置評估受試者的自主神經功能。蒐集以心率變異度為基本的指標參數加以推演計算，包括生理年齡及其綜合健康指數。 結果顯示，與單純高血壓病人相比，合併高血壓和糖尿病病人的生理年齡指標顯著升高，而綜合健康指數則顯著降低。心臟衰竭病人在接受呼吸訓練輔助治療後，以上兩項參數均顯著改善。三個月的呼吸訓練顯著降低了血壓及腫瘤壞死因子-α (TNF-α) 數值，但壓力反射敏感性的改善並非持久的。綜合健康指數被證明比傳統的心率變異度參數指標測量方法更可靠、更靈敏，可用於短期自主神經評估。 以上結果顯示，穿戴式心電圖監測隨身裝置結合呼吸訓練模式，為慢性心血管疾病的風險管理和治療監測提供了一種非侵入性的持續方向，並為疾病初期之亞健康族群的健康促進提供了可行的未來前景。;This study investigated the relationship between autonomic nervous system function, chronic inflammation, and vascular stiffness in cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients, while evaluating the effectiveness of app-guided breathing training exercise as an auxiliary treatment. Through four experimental projects involving 130 CVD patients and 34 healthy controls, we assessed autonomic function using a wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) device that calculated heart rate variability (HRV) based parameters including physiological age and a comprehensive health index. Results showed that patients with hypertension and diabetes had significantly higher physiological age and lower comprehensive index compared to hypertension only patients. Heart failure patients demonstrated significant improvement in both parameters following treatment. Three months of breathing training significantly reduced blood pressure and tumor necrosis factor-α levels, though baroreflex sensitivity improvements were not sustained. The comprehensive index proved more reliable and sensitive than traditional HRV measures for short-term autonomic assessment. These findings suggest that wearable ECG monitoring combined with breathing training offers a promising non-invasive approach for cardiovascular risk management and treatment monitoring. It could be provided a sustained direction for health promotion in subclinical population.
