| 摘要: | 增強型體外反搏（Enhanced External Counterpulsation, EECP）為非侵入性心血管療法，其在非典型族群之療效與評估之指標仍待釐清。本研究旨在評估 EECP 對心力指標（Cardiac Force Index, CFI）的影響，並分析其在長新冠、亞健康狀態及高認知負荷族群中的臨床應用價值。
本研究整合四項實驗性研究，涵蓋長新冠患者、亞健康族群、職業圍棋選手與空軍飛行員，以CFI、腦血流造影（Hemoencephalography, HEG）、生活品質、睡眠品質指標等多元工具，並採兩種每次時長（2 小時 vs 1 小時）之 EECP 介入模式，以評估劑量–反應關係。
各族群心力指標皆顯著提升（p < 0.05）；在高認知負荷族群，CFI 於累積18 小時後達峰值，增幅12%（p < 0.001）。HEG 獲得提升，且與疲勞感降低及腦霧症狀減少呈顯著相關（p = 0.017）。生活品質指標均顯著改善（p < 0.001），睡眠品質指標於介入後一個月提升5.40 分。整體而言，介入次數和累積總時數對療效的影響較每週頻率或單次時長更為關鍵。研究均未發生嚴重不良反應。
EECP 可於不同族群中提升 CFI 與 HEG，呈現明確之劑量–反應關係。而 CFI 具良好敏感度，適合作為 EECP 療效之評估指標。研究支持 EECP 具跨系統整合潛力，可應用於心血管功能不全、長新冠及亞健康族群中；未來可望拓展至慢性傷口等族群，為臨床治療提供更多選擇。
;Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a noninvasive cardiovascular therapy whose efficacy and evaluative metrics in non-traditional populations remain to be clarified. This study aimed to assess the effects of EECP on the Cardiac Force Index (CFI) and to examine its clinical utility among individuals with long COVID, suboptimal health status, and populations with high cognitive demands.
We integrated four experimental studies encompassing patients with long COVID, individuals with suboptimal health status, professional Go players, and Air Force pilots. Multimodal assessments included CFI, hemoencephalography (HEG), quality-of-life measures, and sleep-quality indices. Two EECP session-duration regimens (2 h vs 1 h) were used to evaluate the dose–response relationship.
CFI increased significantly across all cohorts (p < 0.05). In high cognitive-demand populations, CFI peaked after 18 cumulative hours of EECP, with a 12% increase (p < 0.001). HEG improved and were significantly associated with reductions in fatigue and brain-fog symptoms (p = 0.017). Quality-of-life outcomes improved (p < 0.001), and sleep-quality scores increased by 5.40 points one month after the intervention. Overall, the number of sessions and the total cumulative hours have a greater impact on treatment efficacy than weekly frequency or the duration of individual sessions. No serious adverse events were reported.
EECP enhanced CFI and HEG across diverse populations and demonstrated a clear dose–response relationship. CFI showed good sensitivity and is suitable as an outcome measure for evaluating EECP efficacy. EECP appears applicable to individuals with cardiovascular dysfunction, long COVID, and suboptimal health status, with potential extension to patients with chronic wounds. |
