| 摘要: | 在全球化與資訊科技快速發展的背景下，跨國醫療服務的需求正逐漸增加，特別是在緊急救護領域，如何快速且安全地調度救護車輛並共享病患資訊成為一項重要課題。目前的救護車調度機制主要依賴於人工決策與歷史數據，難以適應突發事件與動態交通狀況。此外，醫療資訊的共享受限於數據孤島與隱私保護問題，使得跨境救援的效率大幅降低。為了解決這些問題，本研究提出了一種建構於車輛數位分身（Vehicular Digital Twin, VDT）之上的跨域緊急救護車輛調度架構，並結合區塊鏈技術來提升資訊的安全性與透明度。VDT透過即時監控與預測能力，協助救護單位選擇最適合的車輛，並規劃最佳行駛路徑，以縮短病患救援的時間。同時，區塊鏈與星際檔案系統（InterPlanetary File System, IPFS）的結合確保了醫療數據的完整性與不可篡改性，提供一個去中心化的數據存儲機制，並且還使用了中國剩餘定理來減少批次分享資料所需要上傳資料的次數，實驗顯示也能進一步緩解儲存的成本。此外為了解決不同權威機構間的數據存取問題，本文採用了屬性加密（Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption, CP-ABE）與代理重加密（Proxy Re-Encryption, PRE）技術，以實現細粒度的存取控制，確保敏感資訊的安全性與跨域共享能力。本研究的架構目標是有效提升緊急救護車輛的調度效率，減少病患等待時間，並在確保數據隱私與安全的前提下促進跨國醫療合作，為未來醫療與交通數位分身的整合提供可行的解決方案，其核心的優勢如下:
1. 使用CP-ABE與PRE的技術實現細粒度的跨國資料分享，達成不同國家間的資料交換
2. 引入VDT cloud的概念優化緊急救護車輛的分配與路徑，並搭配交通號誌控制，實驗顯示在有交通號誌控制的情況下可以縮短約32%的救援時間
3. 引入去中心化的資料儲存架構，並使用中國剩餘定理來減少儲存成本。實驗顯示在區塊鏈gas上可減少約50%的消耗
;With the rapid advancement of globalization and information technology, the demand for cross-border medical services, particularly in emergency rescue, is steadily increasing. A major challenge lies in ensuring fast and secure ambulance dispatch and patient data sharing. Current systems rely heavily on manual decision-making and historical data, making them ineffective in responding to sudden incidents and dynamic traffic conditions. In addition, data silos and privacy concerns severely hinder efficient cross-border medical collaboration. This study proposes a cross-domain ambulance dispatch framework based on Vehicular Digital Twin (VDT) technology, integrated with blockchain to enhance data security and transparency. VDT enables real-time monitoring and predictive analytics to assist in selecting optimal vehicles and planning efficient routes, thereby reducing rescue time. The integration of blockchain and the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) provides a decentralized and tamper-proof data storage mechanism. Furthermore, the Chinese Remainder Theorem is applied to reduce the frequency of data uploads during batch sharing, effectively lowering storage costs. To address data access issues across different authorities, Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) and Proxy Re-Encryption (PRE) are used to implement fine-grained access control, ensuring the security of sensitive information while enabling cross-domain data sharing. The proposed framework aims to enhance ambulance dispatch efficiency, shorten patient wait times, and promote international medical cooperation, offering a practical solution for the integration of medical and transportation digital twins in the future.
1. Achieving fine-grained cross-border data sharing using CP-ABE and PRE to enable secure data exchange between nations.
2. Introducing the concept of VDT cloud to optimize ambulance allocation and routing, in coordination with traffic signal control. Experiments indicate that signal-based control can reduce response time by approximately 32%.
3. Implementing a decentralized data storage architecture and applying the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reduce storage costs, with experimental results showing a reduction of about 50% in blockchain gas consumption. |
