本論文提出一種應用於近距離毫米波汽車防撞雷達系統之寬波束天線陣列設計。該天線基於傳統微帶傳輸線架構，並引入週期性非對稱結構以有效調控微帶線上的電場分布，進而實現輻射特性。天線具有寬波束、結構簡單之優勢。為提升整體輻射效能與結合實際應用，進一步設計並實作一組 1x4 主動式天線陣列，透過調整(優化)各單元結構參數與配置，使得各單元的輻射場型趨於一致，進而實現穩定且覆蓋超過 120 度的寬波束於方位面。此外，亦針對被動式天線陣列進行設計與驗證，以提供不同應用場景作為參考。 本研究所提出之天線設計使用國家研究院台灣半導體研究中心（Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute）提供之印刷電路板製程。單一天線模擬之阻抗頻寬結果為12.74 ％（73.39 - 84.65 GHz），在中心頻 79 GHz 增益為 10.27 dBi，且於方位面富含 125 度之波束寬度。主動式天線陣列量測結果實現了 18.49 ％（70.49 - 84.85 GHz），在 79 GHz 達到 9.96 dBi；被動式天線陣列實作實現了17.86 ％（70 - 83.73 GHz），並於79 GHz 增益為 14.49 dBi。 ;The thesis presents the design of a wide-beamwidth millimeter-wave (mmWave) antenna array for short-range automotive collision avoidance radar systems. The proposed antenna is based on a conventional microstrip transmission line architecture, where periodic asymmetric structures are introduced to effectively modulate the electric field distribution along the microstrip line, thereby enabling radiation. The antenna offers the advantages of a wide beamwidth and structural simplicity. To enhance the overall radiation performance and meet the requirements for practical applications, a 1×4 active antenna array was designed and implemented. By appropriately optimizing the structural parameters and configuration of each array element, consistent radiation patterns among the elements were achieved, resulting in a stable wide beam exceeding 120 degrees in the azimuth plane. In addition, a passive antenna array was also designed and verified to serve as a design reference for different application scenarios. The proposed antenna structures were fabricated using the printed circuit board (PCB) process provided by the Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute (TSRI), part of the National Applied Research Laboratories. Simulation results of the single antenna element show an impedance bandwidth of 12.74% (73.39–84.65 GHz), with a realized gain of 10.27 dBi at the center frequency of 79 GHz and a beamwidth of 125 degrees in the azimuth plane. The measured performance of the active antenna array demonstrates an impedance bandwidth of 18.49% (70.49–84.85 GHz), with the gain of 9.96 dBi at 79 GHz. The fabricated passive antenna array achieves an impedance bandwidth of 17.86% (70–83.73 GHz), with the gain of 14.49 dBi at 79 GHz.
