孤島微電網虛擬同步發電機雙自適應虛擬阻抗分散二次頻率控制之研製;Development and Implementation of VSG Dual-Adaptive Virtual-Impedance Decentralized Secondary Frequency Control for Islanded Microgrids

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題名:	孤島微電網虛擬同步發電機雙自適應虛擬阻抗分散二次頻率控制之研製;Development and Implementation of VSG Dual-Adaptive Virtual-Impedance Decentralized Secondary Frequency Control for Islanded Microgrids
作者:	林廷賢;Lin, Ting-Hsien
貢獻者:	電機工程學系
關鍵詞:	虛擬同步發電機;虛擬慣量;孤島模式;二次控制;功率分配;自適應虛擬阻抗;Virtual Synchronous Generator;Virtual Inertia;Islanded Mode;Secondary Control;Power Sharing;Adaptive Virtual Impedance
日期:	2025-08-14
上傳時間:	2025-10-17 12:53:14 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	隨著綠能產業的蓬勃發展，為了提高能源利用效率，微電網技術應運而生，使電力供應模式從傳統的集中式發電轉變為分散式發電。因此，分散式再生能源發電逐漸成為發展趨勢，微電網技術的重要性也日益受到關注。然而，當再生能源滲透率提高，傳統同步發電機的發電比例降低，導致電網的慣性與阻尼特性減少，使得電網穩定運行變得更加困難。為此，虛擬慣量控制策略被提出，以確保在電力電子設備大量應用於電網時，系統仍能維持穩定。透過虛擬同步發電機(VSG, Virtual Synchronous Generator)概念，使分散式發電系統具備類似同步發電機的旋轉慣性與阻尼特性，進而提升高滲透率再生能源系統的整體性能。本論文著重於虛擬同步發電機之控制，針對孤島運行模式下，因二次控制啟動延遲所導致之功率分配不均問題進行改善。考量實際系統中線路阻抗之不匹配情形，本文提出一套雙重自適應虛擬阻抗補償機制，能夠針對電感性與電阻性線路條件進行即時調整，提升控制系統之適應能力與穩定性能。所提方法透過小信號注入與垂降控制相結合，有效實現功率分配誤差的動態補償，同時確保系統頻率可回復至標稱值。為驗證所提控制策略之可行性與實用性，本文分別於不同功率分配比例下進行實驗測試，並建立兩台千瓦級三相六開關VSG轉換器進行實作驗證。實驗結果顯示，所提方法能有效克服二次控制非同步啟動與線路阻抗不一致所造成之不利影響，確保系統在孤島模式下仍具備良好的動態響應與功率分配精度。綜合模擬與實作結果，驗證所提方法的有效性和正確性。 ;With the rapid development of the green energy industry, microgrid technology has emerged to enhance the efficiency of energy utilization, shifting the power system model from traditional centralized generation to distributed generation. As a result, distributed renewable energy generation has become a growing trend, and the importance of microgrid technology has gained increasing attention. However, as the penetration of renewable energy increases, the proportion of traditional synchronous generators in power system decreases, leading to a reduction in system inertia and damping characteristics, making stable operation of the power grid more challenging. To address this issue, a virtual inertia control strategy has been proposed to ensure that the system remains stable even with the extensive integration of power electronic devices into the grid. The system improves stability by adopting the concept of a Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG), thereby enhancing the overall performance of high-penetration renewable energy systems. This paper focuses on the control of VSG, aiming to address the issue of uneven power sharing caused by delayed activation of secondary control under islanded operation. Considering the mismatch in line impedance in practical systems, a dual adaptive virtual impedance compensation mechanism is proposed. This method enables real-time adjustment for both inductive and resistive line conditions, thereby enhancing the adaptability and stability of the control system. By integrating small-signal injection with droop control, the proposed strategy effectively compensates for power-sharing errors dynamically while ensuring system frequency restoration to its nominal value. To validate the feasibility and practicality of the proposed control strategy, experimental tests were conducted under different power-sharing ratios. Two kilowatt-level three-phase six-switch VSG-based inverters were built for hardware implementation. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively mitigate the adverse effects caused by asynchronous initiation of secondary control and mismatched line impedance, ensuring satisfactory dynamic response and accurate power sharing under islanded operation. The combined simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed dual adaptive virtual impedance compensation strategy.
顯示於類別:	[電機工程研究所] 博碩士論文

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