近年來，隨著電力系統中分散式能源比例逐漸增加，間歇性能源發電具高度不確定性與波動性問題，易造成頻率與電壓不穩定，影響整體供電品質。儲能系統透過自動頻率控制能快速調整充放電功率，有效補償功率缺口，穩定電網頻率，並緩解傳統發電廠調頻壓力。 本研究針對台電提出的儲能輔助服務進行研究，旨在設計表前型儲能系統併網配置策略。在儲能系統進行自動頻率控制下，改善對配電系統的影響，本文選擇IEEE 30 Bus及IEEE 123 Bus配電系統，搭配EPRI開發之OPENDSS模擬軟體對系統建模，進行電力潮流分析，再串接Python控制，結合蒙地卡羅法(Monte-Carlo Method)，隨機拆分儲能系統數量、各別額定容量、及併網位置，分析不同儲能系統併網拓樸對配電系統的影響，評估在執行動態調頻控制下的每秒電壓變化率與電網頻率過低時的全系統損失，透過執行蒙地卡羅法找出5000組有效組合，導入多目標最佳化方法進行比較，具備最佳綜合表現之最佳併網配置策略。 實驗結果顯示，在相同併網容量下，與在單一匯流排併接儲能系統相比，可以有效抑制電壓因執行自動頻率控制時造成的每秒電壓變化率，並提升在電網頻率異常時的整體配電系統效率。 ;In recent years, as the penetration of distributed energy resources in power systems has gradually increased, the inherent intermittency and variability of such energy sources have introduced significant uncertainty, often resulting in frequency and voltage instability that adversely impacts overall power quality. Energy storage systems (ESS), through automatic frequency control (AFC), can rapidly adjust their charge and discharge power to effectively compensate for power imbalances, stabilize grid frequency, and alleviate the frequency regulation burden on traditional power plants. This study focuses on the energy storage ancillary service proposed by Taipower and aims to design a front-of-the-meter ESS grid connection configuration strategy. Under AFC operation, the study seeks to mitigate the impact of ESS on the distribution system. The IEEE 30 Bus and IEEE 123 Bus distribution systems are selected for modeling, utilizing the OPENDSS simulation software developed by EPRI. Power flow analysis is conducted, and Python-based control is integrated with the Monte Carlo method to randomly vary the number, capacity, and connection points of ESS units. The impact of different ESS deployment topologies on the distribution system is analyzed, with assessments focusing on the voltage change rate per second under dynamic frequency regulation and the total system loss during low-frequency events. By executing the Monte Carlo simulation to generate 5,000 valid configurations, a multi-objective optimization approach is employed to compare and identify the optimal grid connection strategy with the best overall performance. Compared to connecting the same total ESS capacity to a single bus, the optimized deployment strategy effectively suppresses the voltage change rate caused by AFC operations and improves the overall efficiency of the distribution system during abnormal frequency conditions.
