以攝氧率與硝酸鹽利用率進行廢水COD細分類之比較研究;Comparative research on COD fraction in wastewater based on oxygen uptake rate and nitrate utilization rate

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题名:	以攝氧率與硝酸鹽利用率進行廢水COD細分類之比較研究;Comparative research on COD fraction in wastewater based on oxygen uptake rate and nitrate utilization rate
作者:	呂昀儒;Lu, Yun-Ju
贡献者:	環境工程研究所
关键词:	攝氧率;硝酸鹽利用率;COD細分類
日期:	2025-06-11
上传时间:	2025-10-17 13:03:22 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	目前對於廢水中有機物之細分類有許多方法，包含可生物分解法、攝氧速率法(Oxygen Uptake Rate, OUR）、硝酸鹽利用率法(Nitrate Utilization Rate, NUR）、及物理化學測定法。OUR試驗是以微生物利用水中有機物會消耗氧氣之含量來進行。可以觀察到整體之生物吸附與水解之微生物反應，但試驗耗時較長，且實際廢水成分複雜導致微生物利用不同特性有機物之階段不明顯，使後續細分類之計算較不直觀。NUR試驗是以微生物利用硝酸鹽做電子受體，消耗水中不同特性之有機物進行脫硝反應。可以於短時間內觀察到生物吸附與水解反應，且利用不同特性有機物之脫硝速率不同，能明顯看出不同之利用階段，以各階段之截距差進行COD細分類較容易。由OUR及NUR進行細分類分析之結果分別為SS （soluble biodegradable COD）：18.5%及15.8%、XS（particulate biodegradable COD）：40.3%及54.0%、SI（soluble non-biodegradable COD）：17.7%及8.8%、XI （particulate non-biodegradable COD）：23.5%及21.4%。二方法之細分類結果相近，顯示其皆可較準確估算廢水中之不同特性有機物含量。其中物理過濾分析與生物分解性分析對於有機物之利用情形定義不同，導致細分類之結果有所變化，對不可生物分解部分造成誤判。本研究為了大程度地保留水中膠體性有機物（colloidal COD, CCOD）與溶解性有機物（soluble COD, SCOD）成分，以廢水之上澄液代表SCOD，作為微生物使用易生物分解COD（readily biodegradable COD, RBCOD）之階段中，藉以提升廢水COD細分類之準確性。;There are many methods for the fractions of organic matter in wastewater, including biodegradability method, Oxygen Uptake Rate test (OUR), Nitrate Utilization Rate test (NUR), and physicochemical determination method. The OUR test is based on the amount of oxygen consumed by microorganisms using organic matter in water. The overall microbial reaction of biosorption and hydrolysis can be observed, but the experiment takes a long time, and the actual wastewater COD fractions are complex, resulting in unclear stages of microbial utilization of organic matter with different characteristics, making the subsequent sub-classification calculations less intuitive. The NUR test is a denitrification reaction in which microorganisms use nitrates as electron donors to consume organic matter of different characteristics in the water. Biosorption and hydrolysis reactions can be observed in a short period of time. Different denitrification rates of organic matter with different characteristics can clearly show different utilization stages. It is easier to classify COD fractions using the intercept difference of each stage. The results of the COD fractions by OUR & NUR were soluble biodegradable COD (SS): 18.5% & 15.8%, particulate biodegradable COD (XS): 40.3% & 54.0%, soluble non-biodegradable COD (SI): 17.7% & 8.8%, and particulate non-biodegradable COD (XI): 23.5% & 21.4%. The fraction results obtained by the two methods are similar, it shows that they can more accurately estimate the content of different characteristic organic matter in wastewater. Physical filtration and biodegradability analysis have different definitions of the use of organic matter, which leads to changes in the results of fractions and misjudgment of the non-biodegradable part. In order to retain the colloidal COD (CCOD) and soluble COD (SCOD) components in water to the greatest extent, this study uses the supernatant of wastewater to represent SCOD as the stage where microorganisms use the readily biodegradable COD (RBCOD) to improve the accuracy of wastewater COD fraction.
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