| 摘要: | 本研究以探討軍事靶場使用超過30年的台灣宜蘭地區重金屬污染土壤復原技術為主要研究宗旨，並針對污染情況及復原策略進行全面性調查與分析。研究結果顯示，本研究場址土壤中重金屬鉛濃度高達41,300 mg/kg，銅濃度亦達18,500 mg/kg，均遠超過土壤污染管制標準，因此亟須採用有效復原技術以符合現行環境保護法規的要求。
經由對場址污染物來源及土地運作狀況的綜合研判，發現該區域地表並無任何舖面設施，呈現裸露狀態；再者，在未設置有效阻隔設施的情況下，長期進行兵器射擊訓練使得射擊後的彈頭及其所含鐵件等物質未能定期進行過篩清理。這些遺留物質在經過長時間鏽蝕及雨水沖刷後，逐漸將重金屬污染物帶入土壤中，進而形成嚴重污染。進一步分析認為，此種污染情形不僅危及土壤品質，更可能對地下水資源及周邊生態環境產生連帶影響。
為維護附近居民的安全與健康，並保障區域生態環境，必須採取適當且徹底的清污技術以全面處理該場址污染問題。經過對污染現況、土地運作需求以及部隊訓練連續性等因素的綜合評估後，排客土法被認定為最佳復原策略。此方法透過直接移除受污染土壤，不僅能迅速降低土壤中重金屬含量、有效縮短整治工期，亦能避免後續可能衍生的污染防治問題，同時兼顧軍事訓練的必要性與安全性。
最終，本研究期望能夠確保場址土壤符合土壤污染管制標準，並為軍事靶場重金屬污染復原技術提供一套可行且有效的參考模式，以推動相關場域的環境整治與永續發展。;The primary objective of this study is to explore remediation techniques for heavy metal-contaminated soil at a military shooting range in eastern Taiwan, which has been in operation for over three decades. A comprehensive investigation and analysis were conducted to assess the extent of contamination and to identify appropriate remediation strategies. The findings reveal that the on-site soil contains lead concentrations as high as 41,300 mg/kg and copper concentrations up to 18,500 mg/kg—levels that far exceed the regulatory standards for soil pollution control. Consequently, effective restoration methods must be employed to ensure compliance with current environmental protection regulations.
A thorough evaluation of the contamination sources and land-use conditions at the site indicates that the ground surface remains uncovered, as no paving or protective barriers are in place. In addition, because barrier facilities were never installed, spent bullets and iron fragments from ongoing weapons training remained at the site without regular screening or cleanup. Over time, these residual materials underwent corrosion and were washed into the soil by rain, gradually introducing heavy metal pollutants and resulting in significant contamination. Further analysis suggests that such pollution not only compromises soil quality but may also pose risks to groundwater resources and the surrounding ecological environment.
In order to safeguard the health and safety of nearby residents and protect the local ecosystem, comprehensive remediation measures are required to fully address the site’s pollution issues. Following an evaluation of the existing contamination, land-use requirements, and the need to maintain uninterrupted military training, the “soil excavation method” was identified as the most suitable restoration strategy. By directly removing the contaminated soil, this approach not only rapidly decreases heavy metal concentrations and shortens the remediation timeline, but also minimizes the risk of secondary pollution and accommodates the operational needs of military training.
Ultimately, this study aims to ensure that soil at the site meets relevant pollution control standards, while also providing a practical and effective reference for heavy metal remediation in military shooting ranges. It is hoped that these findings will facilitate further environmental restoration efforts and promote sustainable development in similar areas. |
