本研究旨在應用流行病學的研究設計方法，探討食品加工廠不同製程的人因性危害型態，並比較各項作業所屬從業人員之肌肉骨骼疾病差異。研究範疇為台灣北部某食品加工廠之110名從業人員，調查工具包括肌肉骨骼症狀調查表 (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, NMQ) 、工作適能指數 (Work Ability Index, WAI) 及OSHA發展之肌肉骨骼疾病人因工程檢核表。調查所得資料以SPSS 26.0進行卡方檢定及單因子變異數分析。研究結果顯示，共有32人 (31.7%) 曾於近一年內發生肌肉骨骼不適症狀，且不同作業的人員酸痛發生率存在顯著差異 (p<0.001) ，其中以塔皮、擠花與烤箱前置作業為高風險群；該等作業於人因檢核中之背部與下肢負荷較高，屬於必須改善等級。此外，雖不同作業別之WAI平均值無顯著差異，但有酸痛者之WAI變異度顯著較高。研究結果指出，高重複性、不良姿勢與過度施力為主要人因危害，建議採行參與式管理，結合適當休息安排與作業輪調機制，並定期追蹤肌肉骨骼症狀與工作適能，以有效預防職業性肌肉骨骼疾病 (WMSDs) 。;The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the patterns of ergonomic hazards across different manufacturing processes in a food processing plant and to compare the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among workers engaged in various tasks using an epidemiological approach. The study was conducted among 110 employees at a food manufacturing facility in northern Taiwan. Data were collected using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), the Work Ability Index (WAI), and the ergonomic checklist for musculoskeletal disorders developed by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and one-way ANOVA, were performed using SPSS 26.0. Results showed that 32 respondents (31.7%) reported musculoskeletal symptoms within the past year. Significant differences in symptom prevalence were found across task categories (p<0.001), with the tart base, icing, and oven-preparation tasks identified as high-risk. These tasks also showed elevated ergonomic risk scores in the lower back and lower limbs, reaching the level requiring immediate improvement. Although no significant differences in mean WAI scores were found between tasks, those with reported symptoms exhibited notably greater variability in WAI. The findings indicate that high task repetitiveness, awkward postures, and excessive exertion are key ergonomic risk factors. It is recommended to adopt participatory management strategies, implement proper rest schedules and job rotation mechanisms, and conduct regular follow-up assessments on musculoskeletal symptoms and work ability to effectively prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs).
