| 摘要: | 本文採集2022年冬季斗六市與2023年春季鹿林山和臺中市氣膠並分
析的PM2.5水溶性無機離子及碳成分，彙整鹿林山歷年氣膠濃度和化學成
分變化趨勢。
鹿林山受到生質燃燒煙團傳輸影響，臺中市和斗六市受到相對較大
的交通排放影響。臺中市與斗六市的NO3-高濃度，於日間及夜間時段，
推論分別來自交通排放、光化學反應及NOx轉化或N2O5水解。PM2.5主
要水溶性無機離子結合型態，鹿林山、臺中市、斗六市大氣硫酸鹽都以
(NH4)2SO4為主，鹿林山和臺中市大氣硝酸鹽以NH4NO3為主，斗六市以
N2O5水解和形成HNO3為主。使用ISORROPIA II模式模擬，三地大氣硫
酸鹽和硝酸鹽都以(NH4)2SO4和NH4NO3為主。春季鹿林山、臺中市及冬
季斗六市三地量化推算後的結合型態，三地都以 (NH4)2SO4為主，
NH4NO3為次。以High EC Edge方法推估三地PM2.5有機碳都以一次有機
碳為主。使用 Revised IMPROVE 公式推估鹿林山以有機物和元素碳為主，
臺中市以硝酸銨和硫酸銨為主，冬季斗六市則以硝酸銨和有機物為主，
推論主要分別受BB、工業排放、交通排放影響。以多項特徵比和大氣消
光係數，推論歷年秋季鹿林山普遍受到固定污染源燃煤燃燒影響，部分
年份受BB影響，歷年春季鹿林山受BB影響大，其次是燃煤影響。;This study collected aerosol samples from Douliu City during the winter
of 2022 and from Lulin Mountain and Taichung City during the spring of 2023
to analyze the water-soluble inorganic ions and carbonaceous components of
PM2.5 In addition, it compiled long-term variation trends in aerosol
concentration and chemical composition at Lulin Mountain.
Lulin Mountain was influenced by the long-range transport of biomass
burning plumes, while Taichung City and Douliu City were relatively more
affected by traffic emissions. The high concentrations of NO3⁻ observed in
Taichung and Douliu during both daytime and nighttime suggest sources from
traffic emissions, photochemical reactions, and NOX conversion or N2O5
hydrolysis. Regarding the major combinations of water-soluble inorganic ions
in PM2.5, sulfate in the atmosphere of all three locations—Lulin, Taichung, and
Douliu—was primarily in the form of (NH4)2SO4. Nitrate appeared mainly as
NH4NO3 in Lulin and Taichung, while in Douliu, it was largely associated with
N2O5 hydrolysis and the formation of HNO3 droplets. Simulations using the
ISORROPIA II model indicated that both sulfate and nitrate existed
predominantly as (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3 at all three sites. The High EC Edge
method estimated that primary organic carbon was the dominant component of
PM2.5 organic carbon at all three locations. Using the Revised IMPROVE
algorithm, the dominant PM2.5 components were found to be organic matter
and elemental carbon at Lulin, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate at
Taichung, and ammonium nitrate and organic matter in Douliu during winter.
These results suggest primary influences from biomass burning, industrial
emissions, and traffic emissions, respectively. By using multiple characteristic
ratios and aerosol light extinction coefficients, the analysis inferred that in most
years during autumn, Lulin Mountain was generally affected by coal
combustion from stationary pollution sources, with BB influences observed in
certain years. In spring, biomass burning was the dominant influence at Lulin
Mountain, followed by coal combustion. |
