2023年秋季與2024年春季鹿林山及2023年冬季臺中市氣膠化學成分特徵及鹿林山歷年污染源因子變化;Chemical Composition Characteristics in Aerosols at Mt. Lulin in Autumn 2023 and Spring 2024, and Taichung City in Winter 2023, and Long-term Changes in Pollution Source Factors at Mt. Lulin

NCUIR > Engineering College > Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering > Electronic Thesis & Dissertation > Item 987654321/98701

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ir.lib.ncu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/98701

Title:	2023年秋季與2024年春季鹿林山及2023年冬季臺中市氣膠化學成分特徵及鹿林山歷年污染源因子變化;Chemical Composition Characteristics in Aerosols at Mt. Lulin in Autumn 2023 and Spring 2024, and Taichung City in Winter 2023, and Long-term Changes in Pollution Source Factors at Mt. Lulin
Authors:	洪侑新;Hung, You-Sin
Contributors:	環境工程研究所
Keywords:	生質燃燒;受體模式;高山與都市氣膠;氣膠光學特性;Biomass burning;Receptor modeling;mountain and urban aerosols;aerosol optical properties
Date:	2025-07-30
Issue Date:	2025-10-17 13:05:59 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	大氣氣膠對太陽輻射的吸收和散射以及充當雲凝結核，對大氣環境變遷有重大影響。東南亞地區每年春季的生質燃燒(Biomass Burning, BB)煙團經由盛行西風傳輸，影響東亞地區的空氣品質。本文於2023年秋季和2024年春季在鹿林山區以及2023年冬季在臺中市區進行氣膠碳成分和水溶性無機離子(Water-soluble Inorganic Ions, WSIIs)採樣和分析。鹿林山區春季和臺中市區冬季WSIIs在PM2.5的占比都高於碳成分，兩地WSIIs都以SO42-占比較高。鹿林山區春季受BB煙團長程傳輸影響，PM2.5 K+和NO3-較秋季顯著上升；臺中市區冬季PM2.5高濃度日NO3-濃度上升最為顯著，兩地PM2.5碳成分都以一次有機碳占比較二次有機碳濃度高。透過PM2.5化學成分特徵比值推論鹿林山區春季主要受到BB影響，臺中市區冬季主要受到移動污染源影響。鹿林山區主要WSIIs結合型態推論為(NH4)2SO4和NH4NO3，臺中市區則是(NH4)2SO4和夜間液相反應生成的NO3-或日間的HNO3液滴氣膠。以Revised IMPROVE公式估算鹿林山區的PM2.5消光係數以有機物和硫酸銨為主、次要貢獻成分，臺中市區的PM2.5消光係數則以雷利散光和有機物為主、次要貢獻成分。鹿林山區和臺中市區氣膠光學厚度的最大的影響因子分別為K+和SO42-。透過受體模式推估解析2003 ~ 2024年鹿林山區春季PM2.5貢獻分別為生質燃燒長程傳輸 (42 %)、弱生質燃燒-人為污染源(32 %)、山谷風污染傳輸(14 %)、光氧化和海鹽(11 %)。透過長期數據觀察到鹿林山春季PM2.5大多數年份主要受到生質燃燒和人為污染長程傳輸影響，突顯鹿林山適足作為背景測站的地位。 ;Atmospheric aerosols exert significant impacts on environmental change through their ability to absorb and scatter solar radiation, as well as to act as cloud condensation nuclei. In Southeast Asia, biomass burning (BB) events occurring annually during spring generate smoke plumes that are transported eastward by prevailing westerlies, thereby affecting air quality in East Asia. This study conducted aerosol sampling and analysis of carbonaceous components and water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) during autumn and spring in the Lulin mountain site, and during winter in the urban area of Taichung City between 2023 and 2024. In both the Lulin Mountain area during spring and the Taichung urban area during winter, the proportion of WSIIs in PM₂.₅ is higher than that of carbonaceous components, with SO₄²⁻ being the dominant WSII species at both locations. In spring, the Lulin site was influenced by long-range transport of BB plumes, with significantly elevated PM2.5 concentrations of K+ and NO3- compared to autumn. In Taichung during winter, high PM2.5 concentration days were characterized by a marked increase in NO3-. At both sites, primary organic carbon accounted for a major fraction of carbonaceous species. Based on diagnostic ratios of PM2.5 chemical components, it was inferred that the Lulin site was mainly impacted by BB, whereas the Taichung site was mainly affected by mobile sources. The dominant forms of WSIIs were identified as (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3 at Lulin, while in Taichung, (NH4)2SO4 and NO3- formed via nighttime aqueous-phase reactions or daytime HNO3 droplet uptake were the major forms. Based on the Revised IMPROVE formula, the PM₂.₅ extinction coefficient at Lulin Mountain is mainly contributed by organic matter and ammonium sulfate, while in Taichung urban area, it is primarily contributed by Rayleigh scattering and organic matter. The most influential chemical species contributing to aerosol optical depth were K+ at Lulin and SO42- in Taichung. Source apportionment using receptor models estimated the springtime PM2.5 contributions at Lulin from 2003 to 2024 as follows: BB long-range transport (42%), weak biomass burning mixed with anthropogenic sources (32%), pollutant transport by valley winds (14%), and photochemical oxidation and sea salt (11%). Long-term data indicate that during most years in spring, PM₂.₅ at Lulin Mountain is mainly influenced by long-range transport of biomass burning and anthropogenic pollution, highlighting Lulin’s suitability as a background monitoring station.
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