都市廢棄物焚化飛灰與二次銅冶煉飛灰協同熱裂解之戴奧辛去除效率探討

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题名:	都市廢棄物焚化飛灰與二次銅冶煉飛灰協同熱裂解之戴奧辛去除效率探討
作者:	詹承祥;Chan, Cheng-Hsiang
贡献者:	環境工程研究所
关键词:	飛灰;持久性有機污染物;戴奧辛/呋喃;觸媒;熱裂解;Fly ash;POPs;PCDD/Fs;Catalyst;Pyrolysis
日期:	2025-08-18
上传时间:	2025-10-17 13:07:58 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	本研究評估低溫協同熱裂解及觸媒熱裂解技術應用於處理都市廢棄物焚化飛灰（MWI FA）與二次銅冶煉飛灰（SCS FA）之可行性，並聚焦於飛灰中PCDD/Fs的去除效果。當協同熱裂解操作條件為350℃、15分鐘，根據國際毒性當量（I-TEQ）濃度計算之去除效率結果顯示，於MWI FA中分別添加20 wt.%、10 wt.%與5 wt.%之原始SCS FA，其PCDD/Fs去除效率分別為97.95%、96.35%與91.99%。相較於單獨對MWI FA在相同條件下進行熱裂解所得之95.48%去除效率，添加10 wt.%及20 wt.%原始SCS FA可進一步提升PCDD/Fs之去除表現。雖然添加5 wt.%原始SCS FA所獲得之效率略低於單獨熱裂解者，但仍具備91.99%之高去除效率。然而，所有於350℃協同熱裂解15分鐘後所得樣品之TEQ濃度皆未達歐盟廢棄物終端（EoW）準則所規定之標準（≤ 20 pg TEQ/g）。為進一步提升飛灰中PCDD/Fs之去除效率，將SCS FA進行熱裂解製備為低成本觸媒，並於不同操作溫度（300℃、350℃）且低成本觸媒以5 wt.%摻入MWI FA進行觸媒熱裂解，以探討溫度對飛灰中PCDD/Fs降解之影響。根據I-TEQ濃度計算之去除效率結果顯示，於350℃下進行觸媒熱裂解15分鐘，無論使用Catalyst-1（SCS FA在350℃下單獨熱裂解15分鐘）或Catalyst-2（SCS FA在550℃下單獨熱裂解15分鐘），均展現優異之去除效率，皆可達97%以上。此一操作條件下使用低成本觸媒不僅有效提升PCDD/Fs去除效果，亦有助於使飛灰中PCDD/Fs毒性當量濃度達到歐盟EoW準則之規範（≤ 20 pg TEQ/g），顯示低成本觸媒具良好應用潛力。;This study investigates the effectiveness of low-temperature co-pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis in treating municipal waste incineration fly ash (MWI FA) with secondary copper smelting fly ash (SCS FA), with a focus on the removal of PCDD/Fs in fly ash. Co-pyrolysis was conducted at 350℃ for 15 minutes. Based on international toxic equivalent (I-TEQ) concentrations, the removal efficiency reached the highest when 20 wt.% of raw SCS FA was added, achieving a removal efficiency of 97.95%, followed by the addition of 10 wt.% (96.35%) and 5 wt.% (91.99%) raw SCS FA. Compared to the removal efficiency of 95.48% observed from pyrolysis of MWI FA alone under the same conditions (350℃, 15 minutes), the addition of 10 wt.% and 20 wt.% raw SCS FA led to improved removal efficiencies. Although the 5 wt.% addition yielded a slightly lower efficiency than pyrolysis of MWI FA alone, it still demonstrated a high removal efficiency of 91.99%. However, none of the TEQ concentrations after co-pyrolysis at 350℃ for 15 minutes met the EU End-of-Waste (EoW) criteria (≤ 20 pg TEQ/g). To enhance the removal efficiency of PCDD/Fs, SCS FA was first subjected to pyrolysis to produce a low-cost catalyst. This catalyst was then added to MWI FA at a dosage of 5 wt.% for catalytic pyrolysis at different temperatures (300℃ and 350℃) to investigate the effect of temperature on the degradation of PCDD/Fs in the fly ash. According to the removal efficiency results of I-TEQ concentrations, under the catalytic pyrolysis condition of 350℃ for 15 minutes, both Catalyst-1 (SCS FA pyrolyzed alone at 350℃ for 15 minutes) and Catalyst-2 (SCS FA pyrolyzed alone at 550℃ for 15 minutes) exhibited excellent PCDD/Fs removal performance, consistently achieving removal efficiencies exceeding 97%. The application of these low-cost catalysts under this condition not only significantly enhanced the degradation of PCDD/Fs but also facilitated the reduction of TEQ concentrations in fly ash to meet the EU EoW criteria (≤ 20 pg TEQ/g), indicating the promising applicability of low-cost catalysts for the treatment of fly ash.
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