本研究旨在對機車活塞式引擎進行動態載荷分析及優化設計，以提升引擎系統的性能與可靠性。首先研究廠商提供之引擎系統，並結合精密傳動實驗室長期以來於機械動力學與結構優化設計領域之研究成果，基於機器動力學原理和有限元素法(FEM)理論，進行詳細的模擬分析與優化。研究中採用等效建模方法，以簡化計算的同時確保模型的準確性。 在動力學分析部分，本研究採用多體動力學(Multi-body Dynamics, MBD)方法對機車引擎動力系統進行深入分析，藉此掌握關鍵運動部件在運轉過程中的動態行為與受力情況，並根據模擬結果進行結構優化設計。針對系統中具有高度變形需求的特徵結構，進行柔性體建模處理，深入探討柔固耦合效應對整體動態響應與壽命的影響，並對局部應力集中區域提出具體優化建議，以減緩應力集中並提升結構可靠性。為進一步強化整體結構性能，本研究亦針對引擎殼體進行ANSYS Workbench模態分析與靜力學分析，掌握其振動模態與應力分布特性；RecurDyn進行等效聲輻射分析，評估其聲學行為與潛在噪音來源，最終提出結構改善方案，以有效降低噪音與振動。 本研究通過多體動力學分析、有限元素法的綜合運用，對機車引擎的結構以及聲輻射特性進行了系統性優化。研究結果不僅具有重要的理論意義，還對機車引擎的實際設計與製造提供了具體指導，為未來機車引擎的性能提升提供了有效的設計策略。;This study aims to conduct dynamic load analysis and optimization design of motorcycle piston engines to improve the performance and reliability of the engine system. First, the engine system provided by the manufacturer is studied, and the long-term research results of the precision transmission laboratory in the field of mechanical dynamics and structural optimization design are combined. Based on the principle of machine dynamics and the finite element method (FEM) theory, detailed simulation analysis and optimization are carried out. The equivalent modeling method is used in the study to simplify the calculation while ensuring the accuracy of the model. In the dynamic analysis part, this study uses the Multi-body Dynamics (MBD) method to conduct an in-depth analysis of the locomotive engine power system, to understand the dynamic behavior and stress conditions of key moving parts during operation, and perform structural optimization design based on the simulation results. For the characteristic structures with high deformation requirements in the system, flexible body modeling is carried out to deeply explore the impact of the flexible-solid coupling effect on the overall dynamic response and life, and specific optimization suggestions are proposed for local stress concentration areas to alleviate stress concentration and improve structural reliability. To further enhance the overall structural performance, this study also conducted ANSYS Workbench modal analysis and static analysis on the engine casing to understand its vibration mode and stress distribution characteristics; RecurDyn performed equivalent acoustic radiation analysis to evaluate its acoustic behavior and potential noise sources, and finally proposed a structural improvement plan to reduce noise and vibration effectively. This study systematically optimized the structure and sound radiation characteristics of the locomotive engine through the comprehensive application of multi-body dynamics analysis and the finite element method. The research results have important theoretical significance, provide specific guidance for the actual design and manufacture of locomotive engines, and provide an effective design strategy for improving the performance of future locomotive engines.
