| 摘要: | 本研究採用多體動力學(Multi-Body Dynamics, MBD)與離散元素法(Discrete Element Method, DEM)雙向耦合模型，分析具顆粒阻尼器曲柄滑塊機構的振動特徵與動態行為，為往後顆粒阻尼器減振機制研究提供參考依據。本研究分析求解器及時間步對雙向耦合模擬結果穩定性的影響，並進一步探討曲柄轉速、顆粒粒徑、填充率、材質以及腔體尺寸、數量、形狀等參數對具顆粒阻尼器曲柄滑塊機構動態反應的影響。研究結果顯示： (1) 顆粒阻尼器對機構動態反應的影響隨著曲柄初始轉速增加而增加，且在不同轉速下，顆粒粒徑存在最佳值，並非越小或越大為佳。(2) 顆粒填充高度百分比亦存在最佳值，並非越高或越低為佳。(3)顆粒阻尼器對機構動態反應的影響隨著單腔體內的活動空間增加而增加，且對應阻尼器移動方向的活動空間大小為主要因素，而其他兩個方向對應的活動空間大小影響較小。(4)單腔體中較外層與腔體接觸的顆粒數量增加時，顆粒阻尼器對機構動態反應的影響隨之增加，但對系統的整體影響較小，本研究中腔體構型為水平方向四腔體時對機構動態反應的影響較大。(5) 顆粒阻尼器對機構動態反應的影響隨著腔體切面之曲率增加而減少，腔體形狀為水平橢球體時對機構動態反應的影響較大。(6)不同材質的顆粒阻尼器均對機構動態反應具有一定的影響，本研究中影響較大的材質為塑鋼顆粒。;This study employs a bidirectional coupling model of Multi-body Dynamics (MBD) and Discrete Element Method (DEM) to analyze the vibration characteristics and dynamic behavior of the crank-slider mechanism equipped with particle dampers, providing an insight for future research on the vibration reduction mechanisms of particle dampers. The effects of solver selection and the time step sizes for both MBD and DEM on the stability of the coupled simulation results are examined. Furthermore, the influences of crank rotational speed, particle size, filling ratio, particle material, as well as cavity dimensions, number, and shape on the dynamic behavior of the particle-damped crank-slider mechanism are explored. The results reveal that: (1) The impact of the particle damper on the dynamic response of the mechanism increases with the initial crank speed, and there exists an optimal particle size for different speeds. (2) There is also an optimal particle filling height percentage, with neither higher nor lower values necessarily being better. (3) The influence of the particle damper on the mechanism’s dynamic response increases with the available space within a single cavity, with the dominant factor being the available space in the direction of damper movement, while the other two directions have a smaller effect. (4) When the number of particles in contact with the outer layer and cavity increases, the influence of the particle damper on the dynamic response also increases, but the overall effect on the system is minor; in this study, the configuration with four horizontal cavities has a greater impact on the mechanism’s dynamic response. (5) The influence of the particle damper on the dynamic response decreases as the curvature of the cavity cross-section increases, with a horizontal ellipsoidal cavity shape having a greater effect. (6) Particle dampers made of different materials all affect the dynamic response to some extent, with steel particles having a more significant impact in this study. |
