微管(Microtubules)是細胞骨架家族中的一員,由 a/b-微管蛋白(a/b-tubulin)異二聚體 組 成 的 高 度 動 態 聚 合 之 絲 狀 結 構 。 微 管 能 夠 在 聚 合 (polymerization) 與 解 聚(depolymerization)之間展現動態變化,此動態對於形成細胞內不同微管網路與微管結構至關重要(例如:紡錘體與纖毛) ,進一步調控許多的細胞功能。而許多微管作用蛋白(microtubule-associated proteins),包括驅動蛋白(kinesin)馬達,能夠調控微管的生長與收縮。本研究中 Kif2A 是眾多驅動蛋白家族中kinesin-13 家族的一員,雖然也屬於驅動蛋白,但其主要的活性為促進微管解聚。
我們先前的研究發現了一個依賴由八個蛋白質所組成的 a/b-微管環狀複合體(y-TuRC)的分子機制,此機制可招集 Kif2A 至纖毛的基體(basal body),並促進纖毛分解(cilia disassembly),調控纖毛形成在細胞週期中的形成時機。我們的研究進一步顯示,a/b-微管環狀複合體透過其中兩個次單元蛋白 GCP2 及其結合蛋白 Mzt2 專一性地招集 Kif2A到纖毛之基體。在本論文研究中,我們計畫依據先前的研究結果,進一步利用生物物理學、生物化學及結構生物學的方法,探討 Kif2A 如何與 a/b-微管環狀複合體中的次單元蛋白 GCP2 與Mzt2 結合。以及此結合是否能夠調控 Kif2A 的微管解聚活性。未來,我們希望進一步探討 a/b-微管環狀複合體與 Kif2A 在調控微管解聚的分子機制,以控制不同微管結構的形成, 例如:纖毛解離過程。;Microtubules, composed of a/b-tubulin heterodimers, are highly dynamic polymers that undergo continuous phases of polymerization and depolymerization. This dynamic behavior is essential for the assembly of diverse microtubule-based structures—such as the mitotic spindle and cilia—and supports a broad range of cellular processes. Many microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), including kinesin motors, modulate microtubule dynamics by promoting either growth or shrinkage. Kinesin-13 family members, such as Kif2A, are specialized microtubule depolymerases. In this study, we examine how Kif2A activity is regulated by !-
tubulin ring complex (y-TuRC).
Our previous study uncovered a y-TuRC-dependent pathway that recruits Kif2A to the basal body, promotes cilia disassembly and prevents unscheduled cilia formation. Our mechanistic analyses showed that y-TuRC specifically recruits Kif2A via the GCP2 subunit and its binding partner Mzt2. Here we propose to apply biophysics and biochemistry approaches to examine how Kif2A binds to y-TuRC subunits, the GCP2/Mzt2 complex, and to determine whether this interaction modulates Kif2A’s microtubule depolymerizing activity.
Ultimately, we would like to investigate how y-TuRC and Kif2A cooperatively regulate microtubule depolymerization to drive the remodeling of microtubule-based structures, such as during cilia disassembly