磁層頂位置之不對稱性研究

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莊博硯(Bo-Yan Jhuang) 查詢紙本館藏

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太空科學研究所

論文名稱

磁層頂位置之不對稱性研究
(A Study of Dawn-Dusk Asymmetry of the Magnetopause Location)

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摘要(中)

Shue et al.在1997年提出了一個數學函數，r =r0 [ 2 / ( 1 + cos(theta))]^(alpha)，r 和theta是表示磁層頂的位置，而大小與形狀藉由式中的r0 和alpha來描述。theta是天頂角；r 是在某特定theta角下由地球中心到磁層頂之長度；r0是在theta角等於零時由地球中心到磁層頂之長度，亦即the standoff distance；alpha為the level of tail flaring，用於描述磁層頂側邊磁尾的開放程度。由Shue et al. [1997]的模式可知，太陽風上游地區的行星際磁場南北分量(Bz)和動壓(Dp)與r0 和alpha有關。以Shue et al. [1997]的模式做基礎，研究三維情況下磁層頂的位置，由於原模式為二維，所以在這次的研究中加入另一變數phi，用於表示另一維度。1997年Shue et al.的研究中，使用ISEE 1 and 2, AMPTE/IRM, ISEE 3 and IMP 8等五顆衛星的資料；於此次研究，除了使用上述的資料外，亦新增Hawkeye衛星提供的資料。新資料不同於舊資料，其資料點分佈為高緯區域。結果發現磁層頂的大小與形狀，於黃昏和黎明兩側有不對稱的現象，而在夜側的不對稱現象較日側明顯。

摘要(英)

Shue et al. [1997] proposed a new function form, r =r0 [2/( 1 + cos(theta))]^(alpha), to determine the size and shape of the magnetopause, where r0 and alpha represent the standoff distance and the level of tail flaring, respectively; r is the radial distance from the center of the Earth to a point on the magnetopause and theta is the angle between the sun-earth line and the direction of r. Both the values of r0 and alpha vary with the z component of the interplanetary magnetic field and the dynamic pressure of the upstream solar wind. Shue et al. [1997] magnetopause model is constructed in 2-D under an assumption of axis-symmetry on the sun-earth line. In our study, we remove the assumption and extend the model to 3-D with an additional variable phi, which is the angle between the z axis and the projection of r on the y-z plane in GSM. We use the low-latitude magnetopause crossing data obtained from ISEE 1 and 2, AMPTE/IRM, ISEE 3 and IMP-8, with an additional set of highlatitude Hawkeye magnetopause crossing data. We are able to study relationships between phi and alpha; it is found that the magnetopause location has a dawn-dusk asymmetry. The asymmetry level is higher on the nightside than on the dayside.

關鍵字(中)

★ 磁層頂
★ 不對稱性

關鍵字(英)

★ magnetopause
★ asymmetry

論文目次

中文提要………………………………i
英文提要………………………………ii
誌謝……………………………………iii
目錄……………………………………iv
圖目錄…………………………………vi
表目錄…………………………………vii
符號說明………………………………ix
一、緒論………………………………1
1.1簡介…………………………………1
1.1.1何謂磁層頂………………………1
1.1.2何謂磁層頂穿越(Crossing)……4
1.2先前磁層頂模式之介紹……………6
1.2.1Petrinec and Russell [1996]…6
1.2.1.1日側模式………………………7
1.2.1.2夜側模式………………………8
1.2.2Shue et al. [1997,1998] ……9
1.3研究的動機及目的…………………13
二、資料來源與介紹……………………14
2.1衛星介紹……………………………15
2.2磁層頂穿越事件的空間分佈………18
2.3上游的太陽風條件…………………21
三、資料處理分析方法…………………25
3.1資料處理……………………………25
3.1.1Aberration Effect修正…………25
3.1.2資料點標準化……………………28
3.2資料分析方法………………………31
3.2.1分割資料…………………………31
3.2.2最小平方法(least-squares method)…32
3.2.3phi角和alpha值的關係…………37
四、討論與結論…………………………41
4.1分析與討論…………………………41
4.2結論…………………………………50
參考文獻…………………………………51
附錄一座標系統簡介……………………56
附1.1GSE座標系統………………………56
附1.2GSM座標系統………………………56
附1.3GSE和GSM座標系統之差異和轉換………57
附1.4磁軸傾角(dipole tilt angle) ………58
附1.5天頂角(solar-zenith angle)和方位角(azimuthal angle)……59
附錄二最小平方法(Least-Squares Method)…60
附錄三IDL程式碼………………………………63
附3.1旋轉4度……………………………………63
附3.2標準化資料點……………………………64
附錄四15組擬合結果……………………………66

參考文獻

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指導教授

許志浤(Jih-Hong Shue)

審核日期

2007-7-13

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