雙電解槽電解水產氫之參數分析

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邱凱琳(Kai-Lin Chiou) 查詢紙本館藏

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能源工程研究所

論文名稱

雙電解槽電解水產氫之參數分析
(Parameter analysis of dual cell water electrolysis hydrogen production)

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摘要(中)

水電解產氫是目前製造氫氣常用之方法，而氫氣具有乾淨且對環境友善的特性，在未來相當具發展潛力，若能結合工業用的酸鹼廢液產氫，可減少廢棄物的增生，達到清潔生產的目的。
本實驗使用鎳為電極片，並應用硫酸及氫氧化鉀兩種溶液為電解液與Nafion質子交換膜隔離雙槽，進行電解水產氫之研究。並應用恆電位儀及氣體流量計記錄所得到的數據資料，探討不同濃度、單雙槽、電解液的不同對輸入電流、產氫量及能源效率的影響，並以增加電解液溫度、使用不同Nafion質子交換膜，及降低電位等參數，以研析其對產氫量及能源效率的提升效果。
實驗結果顯示，雙槽使用恆電位儀在5.5V的電位下，並搭配Nafion質子交換膜N212，能源效率最高可達65.9％，就單雙槽之比較，在相同濃度0.25M或0.5M時，雙槽不同電解液的能源效率皆優於單槽。若做溫度提升，溫度達40 ℃時，能源效率可提升至68.1％，50 ℃可提升80.1％，而產氫量皆有明顯的增加，如改用Nafion質子交換膜N211，能源效率皆有提升，且最高可提升到80.7％。如果降低電位時能源效率也皆有明顯提升的現象，在3.5V時能源效率更可提升到89.9％。

摘要(英)

Water electrolysis hydrogen production is a common method for hydrogen production currently. Since hydrogen has a clean and environmentally friendly feature, it has considerable potential to be the energy resource in the future. If acid and alkaline waste solutions are used to produce hydrogen for industrial use, it can reduce the proliferation of industry waste to achieve the purpose of clean production.
In this study, using nickel sheets as electrodes, and applying two solutions of sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide as the electrolytes contained in dual cells which are separated by a Nafion proton exchange membrane, water electrolysis hydrogen production is studied. By the use of potentiostat and gas flow meter to record the experimental data, the effects of working parameters, such as concentrations, single or dual-cell, and kind of electrolytes, on the resulted current, hydrogen production and energy efficiency are investigated. In addition, the influences of electrolyte temperature, thickness of Nafion and applied voltage upon the enhancement of hydrogen production and energy efficiency are also studied.
Results show that dual cell using potentiaostat at 5.5V with a Nafion N212 yields a energy efficiency up to 65.9%. At concentration of 0.25M and 0.5M, energy efficiencies in dual cell with different electrolytes are superior to that in single-cell. If the temperature is increased to 40 ℃, the energy efficiency could be increased to 68.1%, while it could even be raised to 80.1% at 50 ℃. The amount of hydrogen production are also increased significantly at the same time. If proton exchange membrane Nafion N211 was used instead of Nafion N212, the energy efficiency was improved, and even as high as 80.7%. Energy efficiency can also be improved when the applied voltage is low, e.g. , as potential at 3.5V, the energy efficiency is even enhanced to 89.9%.

關鍵字(中)

★ 水電解
★ 雙電解槽
★ 質子交換膜

關鍵字(英)

★ water electrolysis
★ dual cell
★ proton exchange membrane

論文目次

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
目錄 IV
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 IX
符號說明 XIII
第一章緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 文獻回顧 3
1-3 研究目的與動機 6
第二章理論基礎 8
2-1 電解水產氫之基本原理 8
2-2 電解電壓 9
2-2-1 理論電解電壓 9
2-2-2 實際分解電壓 10
2-3 法拉第電解定律 10
2-4 吉布斯自由能 11
2-5 極化作用 12
2-5-1 濃度極化 12
2-5-2 活性極化 13
2-5-3 歐姆極化 13
2-6 離子輸送數 14
2-7 質子交換膜 15
2-8 導電度 16
2-9 溫度影響反應速率 16
2-10 燃料熱值 17
2-11 效率 18
2-11-1 電流與產氫量 18
2-11-2 氫氣熱值 18
2-11-3 電功率 19
2-11-4 能源效率 19
第三章實驗裝置 20
3-1 實驗用品 20
3-1-1 實驗藥品 20
3-1-2 實驗材料 21
3-2 實驗儀器 22
3-2-1 恆電位儀 22
3-2-2 溫度量測器 22
3-2-3 磁石攪拌器 22
3-2-4 導電度量測器 23
3-2-5 氣體質量流量計 23
3-2-6 數位三用電錶 23
3-2-7 直流電源供應器 24
3-2-8 Nafion質子交換膜 24
3-2-9 加熱器 24
3-3 實驗架設 24
3-4 實驗變數 26
3-5 實驗步驟 26
第四章結果與討論 30
4-1 雙槽電解液等莫爾濃度下之產氫量 31
4-2 雙槽電解液非等莫爾濃度之產氫量 32
4-3 單槽電解液之產氫量 35
4-4 相同電解液加裝Nafion質子交換膜之產氫量 37
4-5 電解液溫度變化對產氫之影響 39
4-6 不同電解電位對產氫之影響 41
4-7 Nafion質子交換膜 N212與N211對產氫之影響 42
第五章結論與未來展望 45
5-1 結論 45
5-2 未來展望 47
參考文獻 49
表 53
圖 57

參考文獻

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指導教授

洪勵吾(Lih-Wu Hourng)

審核日期

2016-7-7

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