菲利普典藏館1918－1960年代的美國現代藝術收藏與推展

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郭宜旻(Yi-Min Guo) 查詢紙本館藏

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藝術學研究所

論文名稱

菲利普典藏館1918－1960年代的美國現代藝術收藏與推展
(The Phillips Collection and Its Promotion of American Modern Art, 1918－1960s)

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摘要(中)

1921年對外開放的菲利普典藏館是美國藝術世界發展的重要里程碑，關於創始人兼館長的鄧肯‧菲利普和其收藏的藝術作品，目前學界已有相當的研究成果。有了前人奠定的基礎作為開端，本論文欲結合前述的兩個研究面向，嘗試以菲利普典藏館為研究單元，探究菲利普如何運用從私宅變成的公共空間推展美國現代藝術，以及，他何以成為20世紀美國藝術世界的一個重要的角色。

第一章將從菲利普典藏館成立之前展開論述，藉由勾勒它的誕生背景，連結它與美國藝術收藏史的關係。確立菲利普典藏館的歷史座標之後，第二章的研究將揭示菲利普收藏美國現代藝術的動機，以及他何以運用推展策略助長美國現代藝術的影響力，希望藉此進一步具體化菲利普典藏館的時代意義。第三章則聚焦在菲利普典藏館的藏品。從菲利普的收藏紀錄，以及他與同代收藏家的交往，推求是甚麼力量形塑了它的特徵。

摘要(英)

The Phillips Collection, opened in 1921, is a milestone of the American art world. Nowadays, considerable studies on Duncan Phillips, founder and director of the museum, and his collection have been done. Based on these results, this dissertation focuses on The Phillips Collection, exploring how Phillips fostered American modern art after turning his private residence into a public space, and why he played a pivotal role in twentieth-century American art world.

The first chapter traces back to the era before the establishment of The Phillips Collection. It aims to outline the background of the museum, and then link it with the history of American art collecting. After locating The Phillips Collection in art history, the second chapter will further consider the significance of The Phillips Collection of the time. It explores Phillips’s motivation of collecting American modern art, and points out how his promotion stimulated the development of American modern art. The third chapter focuses on the artworks of The Phillips Collection. It examines what shaped its characteristics by looking into Phillips’s interaction with other collectors of his generation.

關鍵字(中)

★ 鄧肯‧菲利普
★ 菲利普典藏館
★ 美國現代藝術
★ 華府

關鍵字(英)

★ Duncan Phillips
★ The Phillips Collection
★ American modern art
★ Washington D.C.

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract iii
誌謝 v
目錄 vii
圖版目錄 ix
緒論
前言 1
研究動機與問題意識 3
文獻回顧 4
章節概述 9
第一章菲利普典藏館成立之前
第一節華府的美術館 10
科克倫藝廊 11
弗瑞爾藝廊 16
第二節紐約的收藏家 18
托馬斯‧克拉克 18
威廉‧伊凡斯 19
第三節現代藝術收藏在美國的發跡 22
軍械庫藝術博覽會 22
美國的現代藝術收藏家 24
小結 28
第二章菲利普典藏館：美國現代藝術的家
第一節菲利普典藏館的誕生 29
醞釀：鄧肯‧菲利普早期的藝文活動經驗 29
綻放：成立菲利普典藏館 32
轉折：無疾而終的董事會與新美術館計畫 34
第二節菲利普典藏館推展美國藝術的策略：1960 年代之前 38
親密空間 38
巡迴展 41
支持當代美國藝術家 43
美國與歐洲藝術的聯合展示 47
小結 50
第三章菲利普典藏館推展的美國藝術：1960 年代之前
第一節鄧肯‧菲利普的選擇 51
起步：定位收藏目標 51
同代收藏家的引介 55
第二節鄧肯‧菲利普的「實驗室」 60
1926 年之前 60
1926 年至二戰結束 61
二戰結束之後 65
小結 67
結論 68
參考文獻 71
圖版 76

參考文獻

中文論著

中文專書
大衛‧卡里爾著（David Carrier），丁寧譯，《博物館懷疑論：公共美術館中的藝術展覽史》（Museum Skepticism: A History of the Display of Art in Public Galleries），南京：江蘇美術，2009。
彼得‧蓋伊（Peter Gay）著，梁永安譯，《現代主義：異端的誘惑，從波特萊爾到貝克特及其他》（Modernism: The Lure of Heresy: From Baudelaire to Beckett and Beyond），台北縣新店市：立?文化，2009。

西文論著

菲利普的作品及菲利普典藏館的出版品
Frank, Susan Behrends, ed. Made in the U.S.A.: American Art from the Phillips Collection 1850-1970. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2013.
Passantino, Erika D., and David W. Scott, eds. The Eye of Duncan Phillips: A Collection in the Making. Yale University Press, 1999.
Phillips Collection, Honore Daumier: Appreciation of his Life and Works. New York, E.P. Dutton & Company, 1922.
Phillips, Duncan, Arthur Dove, and Sasha M. Newman. Arthur Dove and Duncan Phillips: Artist and Patron. Washington, D.C.: The Phillips Collection; New York, N.Y.: George Braziller, 1981.
Phillips, Duncan. The Enchantment of Art, as Part of the Enchantment of Experience. New York: John Lane Company, 1914.
——. “The Phillips Memorial Art Gallery,” The Art Bulletin 3.4 (1921): 147-152.
——. A Collection in the Making: A Survey of the Problems Involved in Collecting Pictures, Together with Brief Estimates of the Painters in the Phillips Memorial Gallery. New York: The Riverside Press, 1926.
——. The Enchantment of Art, as Part of the Enchantment of Experience: Fifteen Years Later. Washington, D.C.: The Phillips Publications, 1927.
——. “The Palette Knife: A Collection Still in the Making,” Creative Art 4 (1929): 13-25.
——. “Free Lance Collecting,” Space 1 (1930): 7-8.
——. The Artist Sees Differently: Essays Based upon the Philosophy of a Collection in the Making. Vol. 1. New York City: E. Weyhe; Washington, D.C.: Phillips Memorial Gallery, 1931.
——. “Modern Art and the Museum.” The American Magazine of Art 23.4 (1931): 271-276.
——. “Arthur G. Dove, 1880-1946.” Magazine of Art 40 (May 1947): 192-197.
Phillips, Marjorie. Duncan Phillips and His Collection. New York and London: W. W. Norton & Co Inc; Revised edition, 1982.
Turner, Elizabeth Hutton, In the American Grain: Arthur Dove, Marsden Hartley, John Marin, Georgia O’Keeffe, and Alfred Stieglitz: The Stieglitz Circle at The Phillips Collection. Washington, D.C.: Counterpoint; Distributed by Publishers Group West, 1995.

美術館圖錄
Corcoran Gallery of Art. Catalogue of the Corcoran Gallery of Art. Washington D.C.: Gibson Bros., 1904.
——. Catalogue of Paintings. Washington D.C.: Gibson Bros., 1920.
——. A Catalogue of the Collection of American Paintings in the Corcoran Gallery of Art: Volume I Painters Born before 1850. Washington D.C.: The Corcoran Gallery of Art, 1966.
MacLeod, William. Catalogue of the Paintings, Statuary, Casts, Bronzes, &c. of the Corcoran Gallery of Art. Washington D.C., 1882.
——. Catalogue of the Paintings, Statuary, Casts, Bronzes, &c. of the Corcoran Gallery of Art. Washington D.C.: Gibson Brothers, 1876.
Murray, Mary E., et al. Auspicious Vision: Edward Wales Root and American Modernism. Utica, N.Y.: Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute, 2008.

學位論文
Marsh, Allan Thomas. Washington’s First Art Academy, the Corcoran School of Art, 1875-1925. Ph.D. Thesis: University of Maryland, 1983.
Lane, Grayson Harris. Duncan Phillips and the Phillips Memorial Gallery: A Patron and Museum in Formation, 1918-1940. Ph.D. Thesis: Boston University, 2002.
Helfgott, Isadora Anderson. Art and the Struggle for the American Soul: The Pursuit of a Popular Audience for Art in America from the Depression to World War II. Ph.D. Thesis: Harvard University, 2006.
Petruck, Peninah R. Y. American Art Criticism: 1910-1939. Ph.D. Thesis: New York University, 1979.

西文專書
Bee, Harriet S., and Michelle Elligott, eds. Art in Our Time: A Chronicle of the Museum of Modern Art. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 2004.
Braddock, Jeremy. Collecting as Modernist Practice. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012.
Burt, Nathaniel. Palaces for the People: A Social History of the American Art Museum. Boston: Little Brown, 1977.
Carrier, David. Museum Skepticism: A History of the Display of Art in Public Galleries. Durham: Duke University Press, 2006.
Constable, W. G. Art Collecting in the United States of America: An Outline of a History. Thomas Neson and Sons, 1964.
Falk, Peter Hastings, and Andrea Ansell Bien, eds. The Annual & Biennial Exhibition Record of the Whitney Museum of American Art, 1918-1989. Madison, CT: Sound View Press, 1991.
Gay, Peter. Modernism: The Lure of Heresy: From Baudelaire to Beckett and Beyond. New York: W.W. Norton, 2010.
Henderson, Helen W. The Art Treasures of Washington. Boston, L.C. Page & Co., 1912.
Pollock, Lindsay. The Girl with the Gallery: Edith Gregor Halpert and the Making of the Modern Art Market. New York: Public Affairs, 2006.
Ross, Betty. Washington, D.C. Museums: A Ross Guide: Museums, Historic Houses, Art Galleries, and Other Special Places. Washington, D.C.: Americana Press, 1986.
Saarinen, Aline B. The Proud Possessors: The Lives, Times, and Tastes of Some Adventurous American Art Collectors. New York: Random House, 1958.
Schapiro, Meyer. Modern Art, 19th & 20th Centuries: Selected Papers. New York: G. Braziller, 1978.
Turner, Elizabeth Hutton. In the American Grain: Arthur Dove, Marsden Hartley, John Marin, Georgia O’Keeffe, and Alfred Stieglitz: The Stieglitz Circle at The Phillips Collection. Washington, D.C.: Counterpoint; Distributed by Publishers Group West, 1995.
Wallach, Alan. “A Very Brief History of the Art Museum in the United States (Focusing Mainly But Not Exclusivey on the Nineteenth Century).” From Museum Critique to the Critical Museum. Ed. Katarzyna Murawska-Muthesius, and Piotr Piotrowski. Farnham, Surrey; Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2015.
——. Exhibiting Contradiction: Essays on the Art Museum in the United States. Amherst, Mass.: University of Massachusetts Press, 1998.
Watson, Peter. From Manet to Manhattan: The Rise of the Modern Art Market. London: Hutchinson, 1992.

西文期刊
“Phillips Loan Exhibition at Century Club.” New York Evening Post 27 (November 1920): 5.
“The Corcoran Gallery of Art, in Washington.” The Art Journal 1 (1875): 143-144.
Rodgers, Timothy Robert. “Alfred Stieglitz, Duncan Phillips and the ‘$6000 Marin’.” Oxford Art Journal 15.1 (1992): 54-66.
Schofield, Robert E. “The Science Education of an Enlightened Entrepreneur: Charles Willson Peale and His Philadelphia Museum, 1784-1827.” American Studies 30.2 (1989): 21-40.
Skalet, Linda. “Thomas B. Clarke, American Collector.” Archives of American Art Journal 15.3 (1975): 2-7.
Truettner, William H. “William T. Evans, Collector of American Paintings.” The American Art Journal 3.2 (Autumn 1971): 50-79.
Weinberg, H. Barbara. “Thomas B. Clarke: Foremost Patron of American Art from 1872 to 1899.” The American Art Journal 8.1 (May 1976): 52-83.

電子資料庫及網路資源
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指導教授

謝佳娟(Chia-Chuan Hsieh)

審核日期

2017-1-20

推文