狙擊鏡光學設計與其瞄準系統設定

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姓名

林岦品(Li-Pin Lin) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

光電科學與工程學系

論文名稱

狙擊鏡光學設計與其瞄準系統設定

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2028-7-24以後開放)

摘要(中)

提出設計一款40mm口徑十六倍的狙擊鏡，在狙擊鏡系統中可分為物鏡系統、反轉鏡系統與目鏡系統，將三者分開做設計，設計完成後再將三系統組合成狙擊鏡系統，物鏡系統由0.7度半視角為最大入射角度，焦距為176 mm，入瞳口徑為40 mm，目鏡系統由11.0609度為最大出射半視角角度，焦距為22 mm，出瞳為2.5mm，良視距離為50 mm，其中使用反轉鏡系統以利於人眼做觀察。
我們將對這三系統做波前像差、光學畸變、橫向色差的分析與校正是否達到設計要求，三系統各別設計完成後將三系統組合成狙擊鏡系統其放大倍率為16 X，在完成後，我們再進行一次分析，以驗證成像品質是否符合要求。接著我們將進行公差分析，以確保設計可以進行量產，設計即完成。設計完成後對狙擊鏡瞄準目標物進行修正，根據仰角與風偏影響對目標物的誤差進行修正計算。

摘要(英)

A design is proposed for a 16x sniper scope with a 40mm objective diameter. The sniper scope system consists of the objective system, the erecting system, and the eyepiece system, which are designed separately and then combined into the sniper scope system. The objective system has a maximum entrance angle of 0.7 degrees (half field of view), a focal length of 176mm, and an entrance pupil diameter of 40mm. The eyepiece system has a maximum exit angle of 11.0609 degrees (half field of view), a focal length of 22mm, an exit pupil diameter of 2.5mm, and a Eye-Relief of 50mm. The use of the erecting system facilitates observation by the human eye.
Each system is analyzed and corrected for wavefront aberrations, optical distortion, and lateral chromatic aberration to meet the design requirements. After completing the individual designs of the three systems, they are combined into the sniper scope system with a magnification of 16x. A final analysis is performed to confirm that the imaging quality meets the requirements. Lastly, tolerance analysis is conducted to ensure that the design is suitable for mass production. The design is considered complete. After the design is completed, adjustments are made to the sniper scope to compensate for errors caused by elevation angle and wind deflection when aiming at a target.

關鍵字(中)

★ 狙擊鏡
★ 橫向色差
★ 光學畸變

關鍵字(英)

★ Strehl ratio
★ RMS

論文目次

中文摘要　i
ABSTRACT ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 x
第一章緒論 1
1-1 狙擊鏡的發展 2
1-2 研究動機 3
1-3 論文架構 4
第二章原理與系統架構 6
2-1 符號定義 6
2-2 基本光學理論 8
2-2-1 像高、半視角與有效焦距的關係 8
2-2-2 橫向放大率 9
2-3 望遠鏡系統 11
2-3-1 望遠鏡系統架構 11
2-3-2 物鏡系統 12
2-3-3 目鏡系統 14
2-3-4 望遠鏡系統公式 15
2-4 狙擊鏡系統 16
2-4-1 反轉鏡系統 16
2-4-2 狙擊鏡系統架構 17
2-4-3 狙擊鏡系統公式 19
2-5 成像系統 20
第三章狙擊鏡光學初階規格決定 23
3-1 出瞳大小與良視距離 23
3-2 物鏡口徑及放大倍率的決定 24
3-3 視角的決定 25
3-3-1 狙擊鏡有效射程 25
3-3-2 物鏡半視角選擇 26
3-4 品質判定標準 27
3-4-1 艾里班(Airy Disk) 28
3-4-2 RMS與Strehl ratio 29
3-4-3 光學畸變 30
3-4-4 橫向色差 31
3-4-5 定心係數及中心厚度與口徑比 32
第四章設計過程 34
4-1 設計規格 35
4-2 物鏡設計 36
4-3 反轉鏡設計 42
4-4 目鏡設計 46
4-5 狙擊鏡設計 49
第五章設計結果與分析 54
5-1 公差分析過程 54
5-2 公差分析結果 56
第六章狙擊鏡瞄準目標物修正 58
6-1 密位測距 58
6-2 目標物修正 60
第七章結論與未來展望 64
7-1 結論 64
7-2 未來展望 65
參考文獻 66

參考文獻

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指導教授

孫文信(Wen-shing Sun)

審核日期

2023-7-25

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