高分子光電倍增二極體與偏極子元件之設計與開發

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姓名

林頌榮(Sung-Jung Lin) 查詢紙本館藏

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光電科學與工程學系

論文名稱

高分子光電倍增二極體與偏極子元件之設計與開發
(Design and Development of Polymer Photomultiplication Photodiode and Polariton Device)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2030-1-20以後開放)

摘要(中)

本論文主旨為利用Poly[2-methoxy-5-(3,7-dimethyoctyoxyl)-1,4-phenylenevi- nylene](MDMO-PPV)搭配 [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl est er (PC_61 BM)作為主動層材料，開發光電倍增二極體（Photomultiplication Organic Photodiode，PM-OPD）。本研究分為兩部分，第一部分著重於標準型光電倍增二極體的優化，透過調整不同PC_61 BM摻雜比例以提升元件的外部量子效率(External Quantum Efficiency, EQE)與光響應度(Responsivity，R)；而第二部分將主動層放置於雙銀共振腔當中。理論上，在共振腔中光子如果與材料激發態(激子)之間能量接近時會產生能量耦合，產生半光半物質之混成態，即偏極子(polariton)共振態。而偏極子能有效改變光吸收的機制，使元件的光響應不再拘限於材料本身的吸收範圍。
在優化標準型光電倍增二極體的過程中，透過不同PC_61 BM摻雜比成功在4 wt%下達到最好的效率，其外部量子效率在521 nm入射光條件照射下達到4668 %。不過後續通過模擬激子產生率瞭解內部機制並與實驗對比，最後表明此類型元件強烈依賴於主動層中主體材料的吸收。
後續透過引進偏極子的物理機制，將元件設計為共振腔結構，以實現光響應的紅移，透過光譜測量證明偏極子元件確實能有效改變光吸收機制，使元件的光響應不再拘限於材料本身的吸收範圍。後續進一步利用角度解析光譜技術和Hopfield Hamiltonian色散模型，研究偏極子元件在多角度下的吸收特性，結果表明偏極子元件具有弱角度色散且窄帶吸收的優勢。最終，所製作的偏極子元件在628 nm入射光條件下的外部量子效率從43 %提升至311 %，拉比分裂為890 meV，耦合強度為激子能量的35 %，證明此時元件屬於超強耦合的狀態

摘要(英)

The purpose of this thesis is to develop photomultiplication organic photodiodes (PM-OPDs) using Poly[2-methoxy-5-(3,7-dimethyloctyoxyl)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MDMO-PPV) combined with [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC_61 BM) as the active layer material. This research is divided into two main parts. The first part focuses on optimizing standard PM-OPD by adjusting the PC_61 BM doping ratio to improve the external quantum efficiency and responsivity of the devices. The second part incorporates the active layer into a double-silver microcavity. Theoretically, when the photon energy within the cavity closely matches the exciton energy of the material’s excited state, energy coupling occurs, forming a hybrid state of half-light and half-matter known as the polariton resonance state. Polariton coupling can effectively modify the light absorption mechanism, enabling the device’s optical response to extend beyond the intrinsic absorption range of the material.
During the optimization of standard PM-OPD, the optimal doping ratio of 4 wt% PC_61 BM was determined, achieving the highest efficiency with an EQE of 4668% under 521 nm incident light. However, subsequent simulations of exciton generation rates combined with experimental verification revealed that the performance of this type of device is strongly dependent on the absorption of the host material in the active layer.
In the second part, by introducing the physical mechanism of polariton, the device was designed as a microcavity structure to achieve a redshift in optical response. Spectral measurements demonstrated that polariton device can effectively alter the light absorption mechanism, extending the optical response beyond the material’s intrinsic absorption range. Furthermore, angle-resolved spectroscopy and the Hopfield Hamiltonian dispersion model were employed to study the absorption properties of polariton device under various angles of incidence. The results showed that polariton devices exhibit weak angular dispersion and narrowband absorption advantages. Ultimately, the fabricated polariton device achieved an EQE enhancement from 43% to 311% under 628 nm incident light, with a Rabi splitting of 890 meV and a coupling strength of 35% of the exciton energy, confirming that the device operates in the ultrastrong coupling regime.

關鍵字(中)

★ 光電倍增二極體
★ 提升元件的外部量子效率
★ 雙銀共振腔
★ 偏極子共振態
★ 光響應的紅移
★ 多角度下的吸收特性

關鍵字(英)

★ photomultiplication organic photodiodes
★ improve the external quantum efficiency
★ double-silver microcavity
★ polariton resonance state
★ redshift in optical response
★ the absorption properties of polariton device under various angles of incidence

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 x
第一章、緒論 1
1-1前言 1
1-2有機光偵測器與有機太陽能電池 2
1-3有機光電倍增二極體 4
1-4有機偏極子元件 6
1-5研究動機 10
第二章、基本原理 11
2-1有機光偵測器理論 11
2-1-1有機光偵測器結構及工作原理 11
2-1-2有機光電倍增二極體工作原理 13
2-1-3特性參數 15
2-2光學模擬理論 17
2-2-1膜矩陣與光學導納值 17
2-2-2電場分布 19
2-2-3功率損耗(Power Dissipation) 20
2-2-4 激子產生率(Exciton generation rate) 20
2-2-5克拉莫-克若尼關係式(Kramers-Kronig relation) 20
2-3 共振腔耦合理論 23
2-3-1法布里-珀羅共振腔 23
2-3-2共振腔模態 24
2-3-3偏極子共振態 27
2-3-4量子耦合模型 28
第三章、實驗方法 31
3-1 實驗材料 31
3-2製程儀器 33
3-2-1熱阻式蒸鍍系統(Thermal Evaporation Coater) 33
3-2-2手套箱(Glove Box) 34
3-2-3原子層沉積(Atomic Layer Deposition) 35
3-2-4旋轉塗佈機(Spin Coater) 36
3-2-5紫外光臭氧清潔機(UV-Ozone Cleaner) 37
3-3量測儀器 38
3-3-1半導體參數分析儀(Semiconductor Device Parameter Analyzer) 38
3-3-2發光二極體(Light-Emitting Diode) 39
3-3-3數位示波器(Digital Oscilloscope) 39
3-3-4表面輪廓儀(Alpha-step) 40
3-3-5紫外/可見/紅外光光譜儀 41
3-3-6積分球量測系統 41
3-3-7可攜式光譜儀 42
3-4元件製程步驟 43
3-4-1溶液配置 43
3-4-2標準高分子有機光電倍增二極體製程步驟 43
3-4-3偏極子元件製程步驟 44
第四章、實驗結果與討論 45
4-1 主動層材料分析 45
4-1-1 MDMO-PPV 45
4-1-2 PCBM 46
4-2 MDMO-PPV 光學常數提取 47
4-2-1線性擬合吸收光譜 47
4-2-2克拉莫-克若尼轉換(Kramers–Kronig transformation) 47
4-3標準元件 50
4-3-1電極選擇 50
4-3-2主動層優化 50
4-3-3元件模擬 58
4-4偏極子元件 59
4-4-1光響應調控 59
4-4-2角度解析光譜量測 61
4-4-3電性表現 63
4-4-4 實驗討論與改善 67
第五章、結論與未來展望 69
參考文獻 70

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指導教授

張瑞芬(Jui-Fen Chang)

審核日期

2025-1-20

推文